PMID- 32839187
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210325
LR  - 20220421
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 88
IP  - 11
DP  - 2020 Oct 19
TI  - Enterococcus faecalis Induces Differentiation of Immune-Aberrant Dendritic Cells 
      from Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells.
LID - 10.1128/IAI.00338-20 [doi]
LID - e00338-20
AB  - Enterococcus faecalis, long implicated in serious systemic infections and failure 
      of root canal treatment, is a persistent inhabitant of oral periapical lesions. 
      Dendritic cells (DCs) and other innate immune cells patrol the oral mucosa for 
      infecting microbes. Dendritic cells are efficient at capturing microbes when 
      immature, whereupon they can transform into potent antigen-presenting cells upon 
      full maturation. Autophagy, a sophisticated intracellular process first described 
      for elimination of damaged organelles, regulates DC maturation and other 
      important immune functions of DCs. The present study examined how E. faecalis 
      influences the differentiation of murine bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) 
      into functional DCs in the presence of the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage 
      colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). Although the 
      viability and differentiation of DCs were not affected by E. faecalis, expression 
      of the autophagy-related proteins ATG7, Beclin1, and LC3bI/II were significantly 
      suppressed in an mTOR-dependent manner. Ultrastructurally, E. faecalis was 
      identified in single-membrane vacuoles, some of which were in the process of 
      binary fission. Bacterium-containing autophagosomes were absent within the 
      cytoplasm. Accessory molecules (major histocompatibility complex class II 
      [MHC-II], CD80, and CD86) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (transforming growth 
      factor beta1 [TGF-beta1]) were suppressed in E. faecalis-induced DCs, while IL-1beta, 
      tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-12 levels were upregulated. When 
      pulsed with ovalbumin (OVA), the E. faecalis-induced DCs showed reduction in 
      CD4(+) OVA-specific OT-II T cell proliferation. It is concluded that E. faecalis 
      promotes the differentiation of bone marrow stem cells into CD11c-positive DCs 
      with aberrant immune functions while retaining the capability of proinflammatory 
      cytokine induction.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 American Society for Microbiology.
FAU - Elashiry, Mohamed Mohamed
AU  - Elashiry MM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0880-4882
AD  - Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 
      Augusta, Georgia, USA.
AD  - Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 
      Egypt.
FAU - Elashiry, Mahmoud
AU  - Elashiry M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7077-2725
AD  - Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 
      Augusta, Georgia, USA.
FAU - Zeitoun, Rana
AU  - Zeitoun R
AD  - Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Science, The Dental College of Georgia, 
      Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
AD  - Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, 
      Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Elsayed, Ranya
AU  - Elsayed R
AD  - Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 
      Augusta, Georgia, USA.
FAU - Tian, Fucong
AU  - Tian F
AD  - Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 
      Augusta, Georgia, USA.
FAU - Saber, Shehab Eldin
AU  - Saber SE
AD  - Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 
      Egypt.
AD  - Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, 
      Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Elashry, Salma Hasan
AU  - Elashry SH
AD  - Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 
      Egypt.
FAU - Tay, Franklin R
AU  - Tay FR
AD  - Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 
      Augusta, Georgia, USA.
FAU - Cutler, Christopher W
AU  - Cutler CW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4396-4072
AD  - Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 
      Augusta, Georgia, USA chcutler@augusta.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20201019
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Differentiation/*immunology
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*immunology
MH  - Enterococcus faecalis/*immunology
MH  - Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/*immunology
MH  - Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*immunology
MH  - Mice
PMC - PMC7573447
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Enterococcus faecalis
OT  - antigen presentation
OT  - autophagy
OT  - bone marrow-derived stem cells
OT  - dendritic cells
OT  - infection
OT  - inflammatory cytokines
EDAT- 2020/08/26 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/26 06:00
PMCR- 2021/04/19
CRDT- 2020/08/26 06:00
PHST- 2020/06/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - IAI.00338-20 [pii]
AID - 00338-20 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/IAI.00338-20 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 2020 Oct 19;88(11):e00338-20. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00338-20. Print 2020 
      Oct 19.