PMID- 32846097
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211013
LR  - 20240226
IS  - 1715-5320 (Electronic)
IS  - 1715-5312 (Linking)
VI  - 46
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Feb
TI  - Anti-atherogenic properties of Kgengwe (Citrullus lanatus) seed powder in 
      low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice are mediated through beneficial 
      alterations in inflammatory pathways.
PG  - 169-177
LID - 10.1139/apnm-2020-0015 [doi]
AB  - Kgengwe fruits are commonly consumed in sub-Saharan countries. Recent reports 
      indicated low coronary artery disease rates in those regions. To investigate 
      anti-atherogenic properties and potential mechanisms of action of Kgengwe seed 
      powder (KSP), male low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDL-r-KO) mice were 
      fed with an atherogenic diet supplemented with (treated, n = 10) or without 
      (controls, n = 10) 10% (w/w) KSP for 20 weeks. Proximate analysis revealed that 
      KSP contained 38% fibre and 15% lipids. KSP supplementation was not associated 
      with significant changes in body weight gain rate, food intake, and plasma lipid 
      levels. However, the average atherosclerotic lesion size in the aortic roots in 
      the KSP-treated group was 58% smaller than that in the control group (0.26 vs 
      0.11 mm(2), p < 0.05). This strong anti-atherogenic effect was associated with 
      significant increases in the average plasma levels of certain cytokines such as 
      IL-10 (6 vs 13 pg/mL, p < 0.05), GM-CSF (0.1 vs 0.2 pg/mL, p < 0.05), and EPO (7 
      vs 16 pg/mL, p < 0.05) along with reductions in the average levels of plasma 
      MCP-1 (19 vs 14 pg/mL, p < 0.05) and MIP-2 (28 vs 13 pg/mL, p < 0.05). Except for 
      relatively high levels of saturated fatty acids, KSP possesses balanced nutrient 
      compositions with strong anti-atherogenic properties, which may be mediated 
      through alterations in inflammatory pathways. Additional studies warrant 
      confirmation and mechanism(s) of action of such effects. Novelty: Kgengwe seeds 
      prevent atherogenesis in LDL-r-KO mice. Kgengwe seeds increase circulating levels 
      of IL-10 and EPO. No reduction in plasma total cholesterol levels.
FAU - Kaur, R
AU  - Kaur R
AD  - Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
AD  - The Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface 
      Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
FAU - Masisi, K
AU  - Masisi K
AD  - Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
AD  - The Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface 
      Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
FAU - Molaei, M
AU  - Molaei M
AD  - The Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface 
      Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
FAU - Le, K
AU  - Le K
AD  - The Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface 
      Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
FAU - Fischer, G
AU  - Fischer G
AD  - Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
FAU - Kobue-Lekalake, R
AU  - Kobue-Lekalake R
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Botswana University of Agriculture and 
      Natural Resources, Botswana.
FAU - Moghadasian, M H
AU  - Moghadasian MH
AD  - Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
AD  - The Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface 
      Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200826
PL  - Canada
TA  - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab
JT  - Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition 
      et metabolisme
JID - 101264333
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Powders)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, LDL)
RN  - 0 (Triglycerides)
RN  - 97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Atherosclerosis/blood/*prevention & control
MH  - Body Weight
MH  - Cholesterol/blood
MH  - *Citrullus/chemistry
MH  - Cytokines/blood
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Eating
MH  - Fatty Acids/analysis
MH  - Inflammation/prevention & control
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Organ Size
MH  - Plaque, Atherosclerotic/blood/pathology/*prevention & control
MH  - Powders
MH  - Receptors, LDL
MH  - *Seeds
MH  - Triglycerides/blood
MH  - Mice
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Citrullus lanatus
OT  - LDL-r-KO-mice
OT  - atherosclerosis
OT  - atherosclerose
OT  - cytokines
OT  - inflammation
OT  - lipides
OT  - lipids
OT  - souris LDL-r-KO
EDAT- 2020/08/28 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/14 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/27 06:00
PHST- 2020/08/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1139/apnm-2020-0015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021 Feb;46(2):169-177. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0015. 
      Epub 2020 Aug 26.