PMID- 32849729
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1664-462X (Print)
IS  - 1664-462X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-462X (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2020
TI  - Potential Pathway of Nitrous Oxide Formation in Plants.
PG  - 1177
LID - 10.3389/fpls.2020.01177 [doi]
LID - 1177
AB  - Plants can produce and emit nitrous oxide (N(2)O), a potent greenhouse gas, into 
      the atmosphere, and several field-based studies have concluded that this gas is 
      emitted at substantial amounts. However, the exact mechanisms of N(2)O production 
      in plant cells are unknown. Several studies have hypothesised that plants might 
      act as a medium to transport N(2)O produced by soil-inhabiting microorganisms. 
      Contrarily, aseptically grown plants and axenic algal cells supplied with nitrate 
      (NO(3)) are reported to emit N(2)O, indicating that it is produced inside plant 
      cells by some unknown physiological phenomena. In this study, the possible sites, 
      mechanisms, and enzymes involved in N(2)O production in plant cells are 
      discussed. Based on the experimental evidence from various studies, we determined 
      that N(2)O can be produced from nitric oxide (NO) in the mitochondria of plants. 
      NO, a signaling molecule, is produced through oxidative and reductive pathways in 
      eukaryotic cells. During hypoxia and anoxia, NO(3) in the cytosol is metabolised 
      to produce nitrite (NO(2)), which is reduced to form NO via the reductive pathway 
      in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen condition, NO formed in the mitochondria is 
      further reduced to N(2)O by the reduced form of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). This 
      pathway is active only when cells experience hypoxia or anoxia, and it may be 
      involved in N(2)O formation in plants and soil-dwelling animals, as reported 
      previously by several studies. NO can be toxic at a high concentration. 
      Therefore, the reduction of NO to N(2)O in the mitochondria might protect the 
      integrity of the mitochondria, and thus, protect the cell from the toxicity of NO 
      accumulation under hypoxia and anoxia. As NO(3) is a major source of nitrogen for 
      plants and all plants may experience hypoxic and anoxic conditions owing to soil 
      environmental factors, a significant global biogenic source of N(2)O may be its 
      formation in plants via the proposed pathway.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Timilsina, Zhang, Pandey, Bizimana, Dong and Hu.
FAU - Timilsina, Arbindra
AU  - Timilsina A
AD  - Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil 
      Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and 
      Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
AD  - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhang, Chuang
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil 
      Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and 
      Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
AD  - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Pandey, Bikram
AU  - Pandey B
AD  - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bio-resource Utilization 
      and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan 
      Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 
      China.
FAU - Bizimana, Fiston
AU  - Bizimana F
AD  - Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil 
      Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and 
      Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
AD  - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Dong, Wenxu
AU  - Dong W
AD  - Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil 
      Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and 
      Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
FAU - Hu, Chunsheng
AU  - Hu C
AD  - Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil 
      Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and 
      Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
AD  - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200731
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Plant Sci
JT  - Frontiers in plant science
JID - 101568200
PMC - PMC7412978
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anoxia
OT  - hypoxia
OT  - mitochondrion
OT  - nitrate
OT  - nitric oxide
OT  - nitrite
OT  - nitrous oxide
EDAT- 2020/08/28 06:00
MHDA- 2020/08/28 06:01
PMCR- 2020/01/01
CRDT- 2020/08/28 06:00
PHST- 2020/04/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/07/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/28 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpls.2020.01177 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Plant Sci. 2020 Jul 31;11:1177. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01177. eCollection 
      2020.