PMID- 32886301
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210825
LR  - 20210825
IS  - 1860-2002 (Electronic)
IS  - 1536-1632 (Print)
IS  - 1536-1632 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Feb
TI  - [(18)F]FDG Uptake in Adipose Tissue Is Not Related to Inflammation in Type 2 
      Diabetes Mellitus.
PG  - 117-126
LID - 10.1007/s11307-020-01538-0 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose ([(18)F]FDG) uptake is a marker of 
      metabolic activity and is therefore used to measure the inflammatory state of 
      several tissues. This radionuclide marker is transported through the cell 
      membrane via glucose transport proteins (GLUTs). The aim of this study is to 
      investigate whether insulin resistance (IR) or inflammation plays a role in 
      [(18)F]FDG uptake in adipose tissue (AT). PROCEDURES: This study consisted of an 
      in vivo clinical part and an ex vivo mechanistic part. In the clinical part, 
      [(18)F]FDG uptake in abdominal visceral AT (VAT) and subcutaneous AT (SAT) was 
      determined using PET/CT imaging in 44 patients with early type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) (age 63 [54-66] years, HbA1c [6.3 +/- 0.4 %], HOMA-IR 
      5.1[3.1-8.5]). Plasma levels were measured with ELISA. In the mechanistic part, 
      AT biopsies obtained from 8 patients were ex vivo incubated with [(18)F]FDG 
      followed by autoradiography. Next, a qRT-PCR analysis was performed to determine 
      GLUT and cytokine mRNA expression levels. Immunohistochemistry was performed to 
      determine CD68(+) macrophage infiltration and GLUT4 protein expression in AT. 
      RESULTS: In vivo VAT [(18)F]FDG uptake in patients with T2DM was inversely 
      correlated with HOMA-IR (r = - 0.32, p = 0.034), and positively related to 
      adiponectin plasma levels (r = 0.43, p = 0.003). Ex vivo [(18)F]FDG uptake in VAT 
      was not related to CD68(+) macrophage infiltration, and IL-1ss and IL-6 mRNA 
      expression levels. Ex vivo VAT [(18)F]FDG uptake was positively related to GLUT4 
      (r = 0.83, p = 0.042), inversely to GLUT3 (r = - 0.83, p = 0.042) and not related 
      to GLUT1 mRNA expression levels. CONCLUSIONS: In vivo [(18)F]FDG uptake in VAT 
      from patients with T2DM is positively correlated with adiponectin levels and 
      inversely with IR. Ex vivo [(18)F]FDG uptake in AT is associated with GLUT4 
      expression but not with pro-inflammatory markers. The effect of IR should be 
      taken into account when interpreting data of [(18)F]FDG uptake as a marker for AT 
      inflammation.
FAU - Reijrink, Melanie
AU  - Reijrink M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9447-7333
AD  - Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Center Groningen, HP AA41, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. 
      m.reijrink@umcg.nl.
FAU - de Boer, Stefanie A
AU  - de Boer SA
AD  - Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Center Groningen, HP AA41, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Antunes, Ines F
AU  - Antunes IF
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, 
      University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Spoor, Daan S
AU  - Spoor DS
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, 
      University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Heerspink, Hiddo J L
AU  - Heerspink HJL
AD  - Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 
      University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
FAU - Lodewijk, Monique E
AU  - Lodewijk ME
AD  - Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of 
      Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
FAU - Mastik, Mirjam F
AU  - Mastik MF
AD  - Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of 
      Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
FAU - Boellaard, Ronald
AU  - Boellaard R
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, 
      University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the 
      Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical 
      Center-VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
FAU - Greuter, Marcel J W
AU  - Greuter MJW
AD  - Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Biomedical Technology and Technical 
      Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, 
      University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
FAU - Benjamens, Stan
AU  - Benjamens S
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, 
      University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Borra, Ronald J H
AU  - Borra RJH
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, 
      University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the 
      Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, 
      University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, 
      University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
FAU - Slart, Riemer H J A
AU  - Slart RHJA
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, 
      University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the 
      Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Faculty of Science and Technology, 
      University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
FAU - Hillebrands, Jan-Luuk
AU  - Hillebrands JL
AD  - Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of 
      Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
FAU - Mulder, Douwe J
AU  - Mulder DJ
AD  - Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Center Groningen, HP AA41, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200904
PL  - United States
TA  - Mol Imaging Biol
JT  - Molecular imaging and biology
JID - 101125610
RN  - 0 (Antigens, CD)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic)
RN  - 0 (CD68 antigen, human)
RN  - 0 (Glucose Transporter Type 4)
RN  - 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipose Tissue/*metabolism
MH  - Aged
MH  - Antigens, CD/metabolism
MH  - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/*metabolism
MH  - Glucose Transporter Type 4/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*pathology
MH  - Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Subcutaneous Fat/metabolism
PMC - PMC7782394
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adipose tissue
OT  - Diabetes
OT  - GLUT
OT  - Insulin resistance
OT  - [18F]FDG
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/09/05 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/26 06:00
PMCR- 2020/09/04
CRDT- 2020/09/05 06:00
PHST- 2020/06/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s11307-020-01538-0 [pii]
AID - 1538 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11307-020-01538-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Imaging Biol. 2021 Feb;23(1):117-126. doi: 10.1007/s11307-020-01538-0. Epub 
      2020 Sep 4.