PMID- 32893192
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210514
LR  - 20240329
IS  - 2044-6055 (Electronic)
IS  - 2044-6055 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 9
DP  - 2020 Sep 6
TI  - Epidemiology and determinants of non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and its conversion 
      to type 2 diabetes mellitus, 2000-2015: cohort population study using UK 
      electronic health records.
PG  - e040201
LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040201 [doi]
LID - e040201
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To study the characteristics of UK individuals identified with 
      non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) and their conversion rates to type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) from 2000 to 2015, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. 
      DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTINGS: UK primary Care Practices. PARTICIPANTS: 
      Electronic health records identified 14 272 participants with NDH, from 2000 to 
      2015. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Baseline characteristics and 
      conversion trends from NDH to T2DM were explored. Cox proportional hazards models 
      evaluated predictors of conversion. RESULTS: Crude conversion was 4% within 6 
      months of NDH diagnosis, 7% annually, 13% within 2 years, 17% within 3 years and 
      23% within 5 years. However, 1-year conversion fell from 8% in 2000 to 4% in 
      2014. Individuals aged 45-54 were at the highest risk of developing T2DM (HR 
      1.20, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.25- compared with those aged 18-44), and the risk reduced 
      with older age. A body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m(2) was strongly associated 
      with conversion (HR 2.02, 95% CI 1.92 to 2.13-compared with those with a normal 
      BMI). Depression (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.13), smoking (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03 to 
      1.11-compared with non-smokers) or residing in the most deprived areas (HR 1.17, 
      95% CI 1.11 to 1.24-compared with residents of the most affluent areas) was 
      modestly associated with conversion. CONCLUSION: Although the rate of conversion 
      from NDH to T2DM fell between 2010 and 2015, this is likely due to changes over 
      time in the cut-off points for defining NDH, and more people of lower diabetes 
      risk being diagnosed with NDH over time. People aged 45-54, smokers, depressed, 
      with high BMI and more deprived are at increased risk of conversion to T2DM.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published 
      by BMJ.
FAU - Ravindrarajah, Rathi
AU  - Ravindrarajah R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4875-4912
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK rathi.ravindrarajah@manchester.ac.uk.
FAU - Reeves, David
AU  - Reeves D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6377-6859
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Howarth, Elizabeth
AU  - Howarth E
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Meacock, Rachel
AU  - Meacock R
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Soiland-Reyes, Claudia
AU  - Soiland-Reyes C
AD  - Research & Innovation, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, Summerfield House, M5 
      5AP, Salford, Salford, UK.
FAU - Cotterill, Sarah
AU  - Cotterill S
AD  - Centre for Biostatistics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Whittaker, William
AU  - Whittaker W
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2530-0360
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Heller, Simon
AU  - Heller S
AD  - Academic Unit of Diabetes, Endo and Metab, Unversity of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Sutton, Matt
AU  - Sutton M
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Bower, Peter
AU  - Bower P
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Kontopantelis, Evangelos
AU  - Kontopantelis E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6450-5815
AD  - Division of Population Health,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The 
      University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
LA  - eng
GR  - 16/48/07/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200906
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Open
JT  - BMJ open
JID - 101552874
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
MH  - Electronic Health Records
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hyperglycemia/epidemiology
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - United Kingdom/epidemiology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC7484863
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - diabetes & endocrinology
OT  - epidemiology
OT  - primary care
COIS- Competing interests: National Institute for Health Research (Health Services and 
      Delivery Research, 16/48/07 - Evaluating the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme 
      (NHS DPP): the DIPLOMA research programme (Diabetes Prevention - Long Term 
      Multimethod Assessment)). Funded the time and facilities of RR. SH contributes 
      for consultancy for Eli Lilly, NovoNordisk, Takeda, Sanofi Aventis, Zealand 
      Pharma, UN-EEG and is also part of the speakers panel for NovoNordisk.
EDAT- 2020/09/08 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/15 06:00
PMCR- 2020/09/06
CRDT- 2020/09/07 05:59
PHST- 2020/09/07 05:59 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - bmjopen-2020-040201 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040201 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMJ Open. 2020 Sep 6;10(9):e040201. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040201.