PMID- 32906049 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201118 LR - 20201118 IS - 1879-1026 (Electronic) IS - 0048-9697 (Linking) VI - 753 DP - 2021 Jan 20 TI - Levels and profiles of persistent organic pollutants in breast milk in China and their potential health risks to breastfed infants: A review. PG - 142028 LID - S0048-9697(20)35557-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142028 [doi] AB - Although some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were prohibited or limited in use several decades ago, they are still frequently detected in the human body. The purpose of this study was to understand the levels and profiles of POPs in breast milk in China and assess their potential health risks among breastfed infants under six months of age. A literature review focused on China was performed for studies published from 2001 to 2020. The POP levels in breast milk along with other important variables were extracted, and then the average individual POP levels in breast milk were estimated. This review summarises the distribution of traditional and new POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), legacy brominated flame retardants (BFRs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), and chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and reported notably high levels of short-chain chlorinated paraffins and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) in breast milk. Although the levels of traditional POPs generally declined over time, especially p,p'-DDE and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), women living in coastal areas, urban areas, and southern China still have a high body burden of certain POPs. In the present study, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of POPs through breastfeeding was used to evaluate the health risk for infants by comparing with acceptable levels. The findings suggested that infants born in coastal areas most likely suffered potential health risk from exposure to DDT, and the health risk of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in infants in most nationwide regions remains a concern. More importantly, the EDI of PCBs for infants exceeds the safe limit on a national scale. Continuous surveillance of PCBs in breast milk is critical to evaluate the potential health effects on humans. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Hu, Liqin AU - Hu L AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Luo, Dan AU - Luo D AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Wang, Limei AU - Wang L AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Yu, Meng AU - Yu M AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Zhao, Shizhen AU - Zhao S AD - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. FAU - Wang, Youjie AU - Wang Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Mei, Surong AU - Mei S AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. Electronic address: surongmei@hust.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Gan AU - Zhang G AD - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: zhanggan@gig.ac.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20200829 PL - Netherlands TA - Sci Total Environ JT - The Science of the total environment JID - 0330500 RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated) RN - 0 (Pesticides) RN - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) SB - IM MH - China MH - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis MH - Infant MH - Milk, Human/chemistry MH - *Pesticides/analysis MH - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breast milk OT - China OT - Hazard quotient OT - Persistent organic pollutants OT - Total toxic equivalent COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing financial interests. EDAT- 2020/09/10 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/20 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/09 20:15 PHST- 2020/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/08/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/09 20:15 [entrez] AID - S0048-9697(20)35557-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142028 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jan 20;753:142028. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142028. Epub 2020 Aug 29.