PMID- 32907359 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201021 LR - 20201021 IS - 1793-6853 (Electronic) IS - 0192-415X (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 6 DP - 2020 TI - Corni Fructus as a Natural Resource Can Treat Type 2 Diabetes by Regulating Gut Microbiota. PG - 1385-1407 LID - 10.1142/S0192415X20500688 [doi] AB - Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The nutrient-rich resource Cornus Fructus (CF) showed curative effects on diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanism underlying its hyperglycemic activity remains obscure. Herein, the antidiabetic potential of four extracts from CF, including saponin (CTS), iridoid glycoside (CIG), tannin (CT), and alcohol extract (CCA) was evaluated in vivo. The results showed that all four extracts could increase the body weight, decrease the blood glucose levels, and elevate the glucose tolerance. Moreover, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile were significantly improved in fed mice. In the [Formula: see text]-diversity index of samples, compared to the DM group, the diversity and richness of gut microbiota in mice to a certain extent were reduced in both CF extracts and Metformin (PC). Among them, there was statistical significance in PC (ACE, [Formula: see text]) and CCA (ACE, [Formula: see text]; chao1: [Formula: see text]). Beta diversity showed the same trend as the UPGMA clustering trees, which revealed that CF extracts could improve intestinal homeostasis in T2DM mice. Also, CF extracts could elevate the production of short-chain fatty acids, as well as regulate the composition of gut microbiota. The key bacteria related to T2DM including Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium were modulated by metformin and CF. Altogether, CF is a potential nutrient-rich candidate that can be used in functional foods for the treatment of T2DM, and the change of gut microbiota might be a novel mechanism underlying its hyperglycemic activity. FAU - Niu, Dou AU - Niu D AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - An, Shujing AU - An S AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Chen, Xue AU - Chen X AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Bi, Huailong AU - Bi H AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Zhang, Qiusheng AU - Zhang Q AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Wang, Ting AU - Wang T AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Han, Binkai AU - Han B AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Zhang, Huafeng AU - Zhang H AD - International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. FAU - Kang, Jiefang AU - Kang J AD - Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource, Development of Endangered Crude, Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200909 PL - Singapore TA - Am J Chin Med JT - The American journal of Chinese medicine JID - 7901431 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Iridoid Glycosides) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - 0 (Saponins) RN - 0 (Tannins) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - Body Weight/drug effects MH - Cornus/*chemistry MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy/etiology/*microbiology MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Functional Food MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*drug effects MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Iridoid Glycosides MH - Lipid Metabolism/drug effects MH - Male MH - Mice, Inbred ICR MH - *Phytotherapy MH - Plant Extracts/chemistry/*pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Saponins MH - Tannins OTO - NOTNLM OT - Corni Fructus OT - Gut Microbiota OT - Hypoglycemic Activity OT - SCFAs OT - Type 2 Diabetes EDAT- 2020/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2020/10/22 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/10 05:24 PHST- 2020/09/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/10/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/10 05:24 [entrez] AID - 10.1142/S0192415X20500688 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Chin Med. 2020;48(6):1385-1407. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X20500688. Epub 2020 Sep 9.