PMID- 32912282
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210917
LR  - 20210917
IS  - 1742-6405 (Electronic)
IS  - 1742-6405 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Sep 10
TI  - Returning of antiretroviral medication dispensed over a period of 8 months 
      suggests non-adherence despite full adherence according to real time medication 
      monitoring.
PG  - 57
LID - 10.1186/s12981-020-00313-z [doi]
LID - 57
AB  - Real-time medication monitoring (RTMM) may potentially enhance adherence to 
      antiretroviral treatment (ART). We describe a participant in an ongoing trial 
      who, shortly after completing trial participation, died of cryptococcal 
      meningitis despite high levels of adherence according to self-report, pill-counts 
      and RTMM (> 99%). However, she evidenced consistently high HIV viral load 
      throughout the 48-week study follow-up. Subsequently, her relatives unsolicitedly 
      returned eight months' dispensed ART medication that she was supposed to have 
      taken. This brief report illustrates the challenges of adherence measurements 
      including RTMM, and reinforces the need to combine adherence assessments with 
      viral load monitoring in HIV care.
FAU - Ngowi, Kennedy Michael
AU  - Ngowi KM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3692-5940
AD  - Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, 
      Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania. k.ngowi@kcri.ac.tz.
AD  - Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands. k.ngowi@kcri.ac.tz.
FAU - Masika, Lydia
AU  - Masika L
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
FAU - Lyamuya, Furaha
AU  - Lyamuya F
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of 
      Tanzania.
FAU - Muro, Eva
AU  - Muro E
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of 
      Tanzania.
FAU - Mmbaga, Blandina T
AU  - Mmbaga BT
AD  - Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, 
      Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
AD  - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of 
      Tanzania.
FAU - Sprangers, Mirjam A G
AU  - Sprangers MAG
AD  - Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Nieuwkerk, Pythia T
AU  - Nieuwkerk PT
AD  - Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Aarnoutse, Rob E
AU  - Aarnoutse RE
AD  - Radboud Institute for Health Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Radboudumc, 
      Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Reiss, Peter
AU  - Reiss P
AD  - Department of Global Health and Division of infectious Diseases, Amsterdam 
      Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers 
      , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
AD  - Stichting HIV Monitoring, Hogeschool van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Sumari-de Boer, I Marion
AU  - Sumari-de Boer IM
AD  - Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, 
      Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine: Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The 
      Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200910
PL  - England
TA  - AIDS Res Ther
JT  - AIDS research and therapy
JID - 101237921
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Drug Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - *HIV Infections/drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Medication Adherence
MH  - Viral Load
PMC - PMC7488262
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ART
OT  - Adherence
OT  - Case report
OT  - Realtime medication monitoring
OT  - mHealth
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. All authors have read 
      and approved the final manuscript.
EDAT- 2020/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/18 06:00
PMCR- 2020/09/10
CRDT- 2020/09/11 05:31
PHST- 2020/05/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/09/11 05:31 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12981-020-00313-z [pii]
AID - 313 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12981-020-00313-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - AIDS Res Ther. 2020 Sep 10;17(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12981-020-00313-z.