PMID- 32913716
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240407
IS  - 2214-7500 (Electronic)
IS  - 2214-7500 (Linking)
VI  - 7
DP  - 2020
TI  - Neuroprotective effect of Costus afer on low dose heavy metal mixture (lead, 
      cadmium and mercury) induced neurotoxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory 
      activities.
PG  - 1032-1038
LID - 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.008 [doi]
AB  - Humans are constantly exposed to heavy metals due to their ubiquity in the 
      environment. Hence, this study investigated the possible protective effect of 
      Costus afer aqueous leaf extract (CALE) against low dose heavy metal mixture 
      (LDHMM)-induced neurotoxicity. Male albino rats were divided into 6 equal groups. 
      Group 1 served as the normal control receiving only deionized water. Group 2 
      served as the toxic control receiving on metal mixture (20 mg/kg PbCl(2), 
      1.61 mg/kg CdCl(2) and 0.40 mg/kg HgCl(2)), groups 3, 4 and 5 were co-treated 
      with metal mixture and CALE (750, 1500 and 2250 mg/kg body weight, respectively) 
      and group 6 was treated with metal mixture and ZnCl(2). All treatments were 
      administered through oral gavage for 90days. Oxidative stress biomarkers 
      [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione content (GSH) and 
      catalase (CAT)], inflammatory cytokines [interlukin-6 (IL-6) and interlukin-10 
      (IL-10)], histopathological changes and heavy metal concentration were determined 
      in brain of rats. Results indicated that LDHMM significantly increased (p < 0.05) 
      the lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6), 
      while lowered levels of the oxidative biomarkers (SOD, CAT and GSH) and 
      anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Also, LDHMM caused some histopathological 
      changes such as reactive gliosis and glia cell proliferation. LDHMM elevated the 
      lead, cadmium and mercury concentrations in the brain. Severity of the distorted 
      cortical parameters were ameliorated by CALE administration. The CALE induced 
      significant protective effect on LDHMM-mediated neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent 
      manner which may be a result of its antioxidant anti-inflammatory and metal 
      chelation mechanisms.
CI  - (c) 2020 The Authors.
FAU - Anyanwu, Brilliance O
AU  - Anyanwu BO
AD  - African Centre of Excellence for Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), 
      University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
FAU - Orish, Chinna N
AU  - Orish CN
AD  - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health 
      Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
FAU - Ezejiofor, Anthonet N
AU  - Ezejiofor AN
AD  - African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research 
      (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, 
      Nigeria.
FAU - Nwaogazie, Ify L
AU  - Nwaogazie IL
AD  - African Centre of Excellence for Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), 
      University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
FAU - Orisakwe, Orish E
AU  - Orisakwe OE
AD  - African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research 
      (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, 
      Nigeria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200815
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Toxicol Rep
JT  - Toxicology reports
JID - 101630272
PMC - PMC7472923
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Costus afer
OT  - Heavy metal exposure
OT  - Metal chelation
OT  - Neurotoxicity
OT  - Oxidative stress
COIS- The authors report no declarations of interest.
EDAT- 2020/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/12 06:01
PMCR- 2020/08/15
CRDT- 2020/09/11 05:45
PHST- 2020/03/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/09/11 05:45 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/12 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2214-7500(20)30370-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.008 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Toxicol Rep. 2020 Aug 15;7:1032-1038. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.008. 
      eCollection 2020.