PMID- 32916620 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201116 LR - 20201116 IS - 1879-2448 (Electronic) IS - 0043-1354 (Linking) VI - 186 DP - 2020 Nov 1 TI - A refined set of rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes for in situ detection and quantification of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. PG - 116372 LID - S0043-1354(20)30908-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116372 [doi] AB - Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) of the betaproteobacterial genera Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira are key nitrifying microorganisms in many natural and engineered ecosystems. Since many AOB remain uncultured, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes has been one of the most widely used approaches to study the community composition, abundance, and other features of AOB directly in environmental samples. However, the established and widely used AOB-specific 16S rRNA-targeted FISH probes were designed up to two decades ago, based on much smaller rRNA gene sequence datasets than available today. Several of these probes cover their target AOB lineages incompletely and suffer from a weak target specificity, which causes cross-hybridization of probes that should detect different AOB lineages. Here, a set of new highly specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes was developed and experimentally evaluated that complements the existing probes and enables the specific detection and differentiation of the known, major phylogenetic clusters of betaproteobacterial AOB. The new probes were successfully applied to visualize and quantify AOB in activated sludge and biofilm samples from seven pilot- and full-scale wastewater treatment systems. Based on its improved target group coverage and specificity, the refined probe set will facilitate future in situ analyses of AOB. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Lukumbuzya, Michael AU - Lukumbuzya M AD - University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Kristensen, Jannie Munk AU - Kristensen JM AD - Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. FAU - Kitzinger, Katharina AU - Kitzinger K AD - University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Vienna, Austria; Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Pommerening-Roser, Andreas AU - Pommerening-Roser A AD - University of Hamburg, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Hamburg, Germany. FAU - Nielsen, Per Halkjaer AU - Nielsen PH AD - Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. FAU - Wagner, Michael AU - Wagner M AD - University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Vienna, Austria; Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, The Comammox Research Platform, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Daims, Holger AU - Daims H AD - University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, The Comammox Research Platform, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: holger.daims@univie.ac.at. FAU - Pjevac, Petra AU - Pjevac P AD - University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Vienna, Austria; Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200901 PL - England TA - Water Res JT - Water research JID - 0105072 RN - 0 (Oligonucleotide Probes) RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) RN - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia) SB - IM MH - *Ammonia MH - *Ecosystem MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Oligonucleotide Probes/genetics MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - Phylogeny MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria OT - Fluorescence in situ hybridization OT - Nitrification OT - Oligonucleotide probes OT - Wastewater treatment plants COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2020/09/12 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/18 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/11 20:22 PHST- 2020/05/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/09/11 20:22 [entrez] AID - S0043-1354(20)30908-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116372 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Water Res. 2020 Nov 1;186:116372. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116372. Epub 2020 Sep 1.