PMID- 32925495
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210628
LR  - 20230822
IS  - 1530-0315 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Apr 1
TI  - A Low-Calorie Diet with or without Exercise Reduces Postprandial Aortic Waveform 
      in Females with Obesity.
PG  - 796-803
LID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002515 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Arterial stiffness is considered a predictor of cardiovascular disease. 
      Females have higher values of arterial stiffness than males, suggesting a greater 
      risk of heart-related complications. Although a low-calorie diet (LCD) reduces 
      fasting arterial stiffness, in part through weight loss, it is unknown if 
      interval exercise (INT) adds to the benefit of LCD on fasting and postprandial 
      arterial stiffness in females with obesity. METHODS: Twenty-five females (47 +/- 
      2.6 yr, 37.6 +/- 1.3 kg.m-2) were randomized to 13 d of LCD (n = 12; mixed meals of 
      ~1200 kcal.d-1) or LCD + INT (n = 13; 60 min.d-1 of supervised 3-min intervals at 
      90% HRpeak and 50% HRpeak). Arterial stiffness (augmentation index [AIx] and 
      carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) and blood biochemistries were 
      measured during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test before and after the 
      intervention to determine fasting and postprandial arterial stiffness as well as 
      insulin sensitivity (simple index of insulin sensitivity [SIIS]) and inflammation 
      (C-reactive protein, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha). RESULTS: 
      Although LCD + INT increased V O2peak and HDL compared with LCD (P = 0.04 and P < 
      0.01, respectively), both interventions decreased body fat, LDL, total 
      cholesterol, and triglycerides (all P < 0.01) and increased SIIS (P = 0.03). 
      Despite no effect on fasting AIx (P = 0.27), LCD and LCD + INT decreased AIx60min 
      (-7.4% +/- 4.3% vs -7.0% +/- 5.0%, P = 0.04) and tAUC120min (-663 +/- 263 vs -457 +/- 
      406, P = 0.03). There were no changes in fasting cfPWV (P = 0.91) or cfPWV120min 
      (P = 0.62). Increased SIIS and decreased interleukin 8 were associated with 
      reduced fasting AIx (r = -0.44, P = 0.03, and r = 0.40, P = 0.055), whereas 
      decreased C-reactive protein correlated with reduced postprandial AIx60min (r = 
      0.43, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Independent of exercise, 13 d of LCD reduces 
      postprandial AIx in females with obesity. Insulin sensitivity and inflammation 
      correlated with improved arterial stiffness, suggesting unique mechanisms 
      regulate fasted versus postprandial arterial stiffness.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 by the American College of Sports Medicine.
FAU - Heiston, Emily M
AU  - Heiston EM
AD  - Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
FAU - Gilbertson, Nicole M
AU  - Gilbertson NM
AD  - Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
FAU - Eichner, Natalie Z M
AU  - Eichner NZM
AD  - Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
FAU - Malin, Steven K
AU  - Malin SK
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HL130296/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Sci Sports Exerc
JT  - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JID - 8005433
SB  - IM
MH  - Aorta/physiology
MH  - Body Composition
MH  - *Caloric Restriction
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Fasting/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Glucose Tolerance Test
MH  - Heart Rate/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/blood
MH  - Insulin Resistance
MH  - Menopause
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Obesity/blood/diet therapy/*physiopathology
MH  - Physical Fitness
MH  - Postprandial Period/*physiology
MH  - Pulse Wave Analysis
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Vascular Stiffness/*physiology
MH  - Weight Loss/physiology
EDAT- 2020/09/15 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/29 06:00
CRDT- 2020/09/14 15:44
PHST- 2020/09/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/14 15:44 [entrez]
AID - 00005768-202104000-00015 [pii]
AID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002515 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021 Apr 1;53(4):796-803. doi: 
      10.1249/MSS.0000000000002515.