PMID- 32931347
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210621
LR  - 20210621
IS  - 1558-9102 (Electronic)
IS  - 1092-4388 (Linking)
VI  - 63
IP  - 10
DP  - 2020 Oct 16
TI  - Attentional Bias Among Adolescents Who Stutter: Evidence for a 
      Vigilance-Avoidance Effect.
PG  - 3349-3363
LID - 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00090 [doi]
AB  - Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine group and individual differences 
      in attentional bias toward and away from socially threatening facial stimuli 
      among adolescents who stutter and age- and sex-matched typically fluent controls. 
      Method Participants included 86 adolescents (43 stuttering, 43 controls) ranging 
      in age from 13 to 19 years. They completed a computerized dot-probe task, which 
      was modified to allow for separate measurement of attentional engagement with and 
      attentional disengagement from facial stimuli (angry, fearful, neutral 
      expressions). Their response time on this task was the dependent variable. 
      Participants also completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) and 
      provided a speech sample for analysis of stuttering-like behaviors. Results The 
      adolescents who stutter were more likely to engage quickly with threatening faces 
      than to maintain attention on neutral faces, and they were also more likely to 
      disengage quickly from threatening faces than to maintain attention on those 
      faces. The typically fluent controls did not show any attentional preference for 
      the threatening faces over the neutral faces in either the engagement or 
      disengagement conditions. The two groups demonstrated equivalent levels of social 
      anxiety that were both, on average, very close to the clinical cutoff score for 
      high social anxiety, although degree of social anxiety did not influence 
      performance in either condition. Stuttering severity did not influence 
      performance among the adolescents who stutter. Conclusion This study provides 
      preliminary evidence for a vigilance-avoidance pattern of attentional allocation 
      to threatening social stimuli among adolescents who stutter.
FAU - Rodgers, Naomi H
AU  - Rodgers NH
AD  - Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of 
      Nebraska-Lincoln.
FAU - Lau, Jennifer Y F
AU  - Lau JYF
AD  - Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 
      United Kingdom.
FAU - Zebrowski, Patricia M
AU  - Zebrowski PM
AD  - Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa 
      City.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200915
PL  - United States
TA  - J Speech Lang Hear Res
JT  - Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
JID - 9705610
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anxiety
MH  - Attention
MH  - *Attentional Bias
MH  - Facial Expression
MH  - Humans
MH  - Reaction Time
MH  - *Stuttering
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2020/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:00
CRDT- 2020/09/15 17:12
PHST- 2020/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/15 17:12 [entrez]
AID - 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00090 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2020 Oct 16;63(10):3349-3363. doi: 
      10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00090. Epub 2020 Sep 15.