PMID- 32937797
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210302
LR  - 20210302
IS  - 1999-4915 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4915 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 9
DP  - 2020 Sep 14
TI  - Two Separate Tyrosine-Based YXXL/Phi Motifs within the Glycoprotein E Cytoplasmic 
      Tail of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Contribute in Virus Anterograde Neuronal Transport.
LID - 10.3390/v12091025 [doi]
LID - 1025
AB  - Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) causes respiratory infection and abortion in cattle. 
      Following a primary infection, BHV-1 establishes lifelong latency in the 
      trigeminal ganglia (TG). Periodic reactivation of the latent virus in TG neurons 
      results in anterograde virus transport to nerve endings in the nasal mucosa and 
      nasal virus shedding. The BHV-1 glycoprotein E cytoplasmic tail (gE-CT) is 
      necessary for virus cell-to-cell spread in epithelial cells and neuronal 
      anterograde transport. Recently, we identified two tyrosine residues, Y467 and 
      Y563, within the tyrosine-based motifs (467)YTSL(470) and (563)YTVV(566), which, 
      together, account for the gE CT-mediated efficient cell-to-cell spread of BHV-1 
      in epithelial cells. Here, we determined that in primary neuron cultures in 
      vitro, the individual alanine exchange Y467A or Y563A mutants had significantly 
      diminished anterograde axonal spread. Remarkably, the double-alanine-exchanged 
      Y467A/Y563A mutant virus was not transported anterogradely. Following intranasal 
      infection of rabbits, both wild-type (wt) and the Y467A/Y563A mutant viruses 
      established latency in the TG. Upon dexamethasone-induced reactivation, both wt 
      and the mutant viruses reactivated and replicated equally efficiently in the TG. 
      However, upon reactivation, only the wt, not the mutant, was isolated from nasal 
      swabs. Therefore, the gE-CT tyrosine residues Y467 and Y563 together are required 
      for gE CT-mediated anterograde neuronal transport.
FAU - Yezid, Hocine
AU  - Yezid H
AD  - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana 
      State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
FAU - Lay, Christian T
AU  - Lay CT
AD  - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana 
      State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
FAU - Pannhorst, Katrin
AU  - Pannhorst K
AD  - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana 
      State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
FAU - Chowdhury, Shafiqul I
AU  - Chowdhury SI
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8008-5512
AD  - Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana 
      State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20200914
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Viruses
JT  - Viruses
JID - 101509722
RN  - 0 (Glycoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins)
RN  - 42HK56048U (Tyrosine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biological Transport/*physiology
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Cattle Diseases/virology
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Glycoproteins/*metabolism
MH  - Herpesviridae Infections/virology
MH  - Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/genetics/*physiology
MH  - Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
MH  - Neurons/*virology
MH  - Rabbits
MH  - Trigeminal Ganglion/virology
MH  - Tyrosine/*metabolism
MH  - Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Virus Activation
MH  - Virus Latency
MH  - Virus Shedding
PMC - PMC7551581
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BHV-1
OT  - YXXL/Phi sorting motifs
OT  - anterograde neuronal traffic
OT  - compartmentalized primary neurons
OT  - gE CT domain
OT  - glycoprotein E
OT  - microfluidic chambers
OT  - reactivation from latency
COIS- The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, 
      or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision 
      to publish the results.
EDAT- 2020/09/18 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/03 06:00
PMCR- 2020/09/01
CRDT- 2020/09/17 01:02
PHST- 2020/07/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/09/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/09/17 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v12091025 [pii]
AID - viruses-12-01025 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/v12091025 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Viruses. 2020 Sep 14;12(9):1025. doi: 10.3390/v12091025.