PMID- 32949974
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201116
LR  - 20211102
IS  - 1879-1514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0166-445X (Print)
IS  - 0166-445X (Linking)
VI  - 228
DP  - 2020 Nov
TI  - Bifenthrin exposure causes hyperactivity in early larval stages of an endangered 
      fish species at concentrations that occur during their hatching season.
PG  - 105611
LID - S0166-445X(20)30361-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105611 [doi]
AB  - Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in agricultural and urban 
      sectors, and is found in watersheds worldwide. As a sodium channel blocker, at 
      sublethal concentrations it causes off-target effects, including disruption of 
      calcium signaling and neuronal growth. At the whole organism level, sublethal 
      concentrations of bifenthrin cause behavioral effects in fish species, raising 
      concerns about the neurotoxic properties of the compound on fish populations. 
      Here we describe the application of a high-throughput behavioral system to 
      evaluate contaminant impacts on the sensitive early-life stages of Delta smelt 
      (Hypomesus transpacificus), a critically endangered teleost species endemic to 
      the San Francisco Bay Delta (SFBD), California, USA. Leveraging the natural 
      behavior of early-larval Delta smelt, whereby they increase movement in bright 
      light and decrease movement in the dark, we developed a test using a cycle of 
      light and dark periods in a closed chamber to test hyper- or hypoactivity for 
      this species. We show that early-larval Delta smelt have a significant preference 
      to move toward light, and utilized the behavioral test to evaluate the impact of 
      exposure to bifenthrin at concentrations found in habitats where Delta smelt 
      reportedly spawn, ranging up to concentrations detected in tributaries to these 
      habitats. All tested concentrations of bifenthrin (nominal 2, 10, or 100 ng/L) 
      caused hyperactivity, over a 96 h exposure, with noted significance determined 
      during the light period of the test. To further understand the impact of 
      bifenthrin exposure, expression of a suite of genes relevant to neurodevelopment, 
      the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, and 
      biotransformation in exposed larvae were also measured. Following exposure to 
      picomolar concentrations of bifenthrin, expression of genes in the mTOR signaling 
      and neurogenesis pathways were altered alongside behavior. This study 
      demonstrates how light and dark cycle behavioral tests can be used to assess 
      sensitive alterations in swimming activity in Delta smelt at early developmental 
      stages and how gene expression can complement these assays. This approach can be 
      used to assess the impact of multiple compounds that occur within the restricted 
      habitat of Delta smelt, thus having the potential to greatly inform conservation 
      management strategies for this critically sensitive life stage.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Mundy, Paige C
AU  - Mundy PC
AD  - Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of 
      California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, 95616 CA, USA.
FAU - Carte, Meggie F
AU  - Carte MF
AD  - Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of 
      California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, 95616 CA, USA; Department of 
      Biology, University of Namur, de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium.
FAU - Brander, Susanne M
AU  - Brander SM
AD  - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, 
      Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
FAU - Hung, Tien-Chieh
AU  - Hung TC
AD  - Fish Conservation and Culture Laboratory, Department of Biological and 
      Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
FAU - Fangue, Nann
AU  - Fangue N
AD  - Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, 
      Davis, CA 95616, USA.
FAU - Connon, Richard E
AU  - Connon RE
AD  - Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of 
      California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, 95616 CA, USA. Electronic address: 
      reconnon@ucdavis.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - T32 ES007059/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200903
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Aquat Toxicol
JT  - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
JID - 8500246
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 6B66JED0KN (bifenthrin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Ecosystem
MH  - *Endangered Species
MH  - Larva/*drug effects
MH  - Motor Activity/*drug effects
MH  - Osmeriformes/*growth & development/physiology
MH  - Pyrethrins/*toxicity
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Swimming
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity
PMC - PMC7938764
MID - NIHMS1627291
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ca(+)-dependent signaling
OT  - Conservation
OT  - Delta smelt
OT  - Fish behavior
OT  - Hypomesus transpacificus
OT  - Pyrethroid
EDAT- 2020/09/20 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/18 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/01
CRDT- 2020/09/19 20:17
PHST- 2020/02/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/09/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/19 20:17 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0166-445X(20)30361-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105611 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aquat Toxicol. 2020 Nov;228:105611. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105611. Epub 2020 
      Sep 3.