PMID- 32969961
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210520
LR  - 20210520
IS  - 1536-4801 (Electronic)
IS  - 0277-2116 (Linking)
VI  - 71
IP  - 6
DP  - 2020 Dec
TI  - Magnet Ingestions in Children Presenting to Emergency Departments in the United 
      States 2009-2019: A Problem in Flux.
PG  - 699-703
LID - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002955 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Small rare-earth magnet (SREM) ingestions are a dangerous, 
      potentially fatal health hazard in children. The U.S. Consumer Safety Commission 
      removed these products from the market in 2012 until a federal court decision 
      vacated this action in 2016. The present study aims to investigate whether the 
      reintroduction of SREMs is associated with an increase in the national frequency 
      of magnet ingestions in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from the National 
      Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) were used to evaluate suspected 
      magnet ingestion (SMI) trends within patients (0-17 years) from 2009 to 2019. SMI 
      cases were stratified (total, small/round, and multiple magnet ingestions) and 
      trend analyses were performed for 2 periods: 2013-2016 (off-market) and 2017-2019 
      (on-market). National SMI estimates calculated using the NEISS-supplied weights 
      and variance variables. RESULTS: An estimated 23,756 children (59% males, 42% < 5 
      years old) presented with a SMI from 2009 to 2019 with an average annual case 
      increase of 6.1% (P = 0.01). There was a significant increase in both small/round 
      SMI encounters and multiple magnet ingestion encounters from 2009 to 2019 
      (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). From 2017 to 2019, there was a greater 
      proportion of small/round type SMIs to total SMIs estimated n = 541 (confidence 
      interval [CI], 261-822) and a greater proportion of multiple magnet ingestions to 
      total SMIs estimated n = 797 (CI, 442-1152) (both, P < 0.01). After 2017, there 
      was a 5-fold increase in the escalation of care for multiple magnet ingestions 
      (estimated n = 1094; CI 505-1686). CONCLUSIONS: The significant increase in 
      magnet ingestions by children from 2017 to 2019 indicates that regulatory actions 
      are urgently needed to protect children and reverse these trends.
FAU - Reeves, Patrick T
AU  - Reeves PT
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 
      Bethesda, MD.
FAU - Rudolph, Bryan
AU  - Rudolph B
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY.
FAU - Nylund, Cade M
AU  - Nylund CM
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 
      Bethesda, MD.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
JT  - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
JID - 8211545
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Eating
MH  - *Emergency Service, Hospital
MH  - Female
MH  - *Foreign Bodies/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Magnets
MH  - Male
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - United States/epidemiology
EDAT- 2020/09/25 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/09/24 12:11
PHST- 2020/09/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/09/24 12:11 [entrez]
AID - 00005176-202012000-00003 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002955 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2020 Dec;71(6):699-703. doi: 
      10.1097/MPG.0000000000002955.