PMID- 33034255 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20220315 IS - 1538-0254 (Electronic) IS - 0739-1102 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Ligand-based pharmacophore modeling of TNF-alpha to design novel inhibitors using virtual screening and molecular dynamics. PG - 1702-1718 LID - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1831962 [doi] AB - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is one of the promising targets for treating inflammatory (Crohn disease, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis) and various other diseases. Commercially available TNF-alpha inhibitors are associated with several risks and limitations. In the present study, we have identified small TNF-alpha inhibitors using in silico approaches, namely pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and free binding energy calculations. The study yielded better and potent hits that bind to TNF-alpha with significant affinity. The best pharmacophore model generated using LigandScout has an efficient hit rate and Area Under the operating Curve. High throughput virtual screening of SPECS database molecules against crystal structure of TNF-alpha protein, coupled with physicochemical filtration, PAINS test. Virtual hit compounds used for molecular docking enabled the identification of 20 compounds with better binding energies when compared with previously known TNF-alpha inhibitors. MD simulation analysis on 20 virtual identified hits showed that ligand binding with TNF-alpha protein is stable and protein-ligand conformation remains unchanged. Further, 16 compounds passed ADMET analysis suggesting these identified hit compounds are suitable for designing a future class of potent TNF-alpha inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. FAU - Jade, Dhananjay D AU - Jade DD AD - Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Pandey, Rajan AU - Pandey R AD - Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Kumar, Rakesh AU - Kumar R AD - Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. FAU - Gupta, Dinesh AU - Gupta D AD - Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201009 PL - England TA - J Biomol Struct Dyn JT - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics JID - 8404176 RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) SB - IM MH - Ligands MH - Molecular Docking Simulation MH - *Molecular Dynamics Simulation MH - Protein Conformation MH - Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship MH - *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - Pharmacophore OT - SPECS database OT - drug discovery OT - inhibitors OT - molecular docking OT - molecular simulation OT - tumor necrosis factor OT - virtual screening EDAT- 2020/10/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 CRDT- 2020/10/09 08:36 PHST- 2020/10/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/09 08:36 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1831962 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2022 Mar;40(4):1702-1718. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1831962. Epub 2020 Oct 9.