PMID- 33053761
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201103
IS  - 2076-3921 (Print)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 10
DP  - 2020 Oct 12
TI  - Protective Effect of Geraniol on Oxidative, Inflammatory and Apoptotic 
      Alterations in Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Role of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 
      and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathways.
LID - 10.3390/antiox9100977 [doi]
LID - 977
AB  - BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) is still a major contributor to mortality 
      worldwide, and therefore, searching for new drugs is an urgent priority. Natural 
      products are a renewable source for medicinally and pharmacologically active 
      molecules. The objective of this study was to explore the potential of geraniol, 
      a monoterpene alcohol, to protect against MI. METHODS: Five groups of Wister rats 
      were used: a control group; a group treated only with geraniol; a group treated 
      only with isoproterenol, to induce MI; and two groups pretreated with geraniol 
      (100 or 200 mg/kg, respectively) for 14 days and challenged with isoproterenol on 
      the 13th and 14th days. Several parameters were measured including 
      electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac markers, the expression of Kelch-like 
      ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 
      (Nrf2), and other downstream antioxidant enzymes, as well as the expression of 
      phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of 
      rapamycin (mTOR) and other downstream apoptotic and inflammatory mediators. 
      RESULTS: Geraniol treatment reduced the size of the infarct region, attenuated 
      the levels of cardiac indicators, and diminished myocardial necrosis and immune 
      cell infiltration. Geraniol treatment also activated the Keap1/Nrf2/heme 
      oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, modulated 
      the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and ameliorated myocardial autophagy, inflammation, 
      and apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Geraniol may possess a protective effect against MI 
      through moderating MI-induced myocardial oxidative stress (glutathione (GSH), 
      superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione 
      S-transferase (GST), and Keap1/Nrf2 pathway), inflammation (IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, 
      and Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)), apoptosis (caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl2, and Bax), 
      and autophagy (PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway).
FAU - Younis, Nancy S
AU  - Younis NS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4309-7095
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal 
      University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
AD  - Pharmacology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
FAU - Abduldaium, Mohamed S
AU  - Abduldaium MS
AD  - Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, 
      Egypt.
FAU - Mohamed, Maged E
AU  - Mohamed ME
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1216-8703
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal 
      University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
AD  - Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 
      44519, Egypt.
LA  - eng
GR  - IFT20016/Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education, Saudi 
      Arabia/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201012
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Antioxidants (Basel)
JT  - Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101668981
PMC - PMC7599734
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - apoptosis
OT  - autophagy
OT  - essential oil
OT  - inflammatory mediators
OT  - monoterpenes
OT  - oxidative stress
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/10/16 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/16 06:01
PMCR- 2020/10/12
CRDT- 2020/10/15 01:01
PHST- 2020/08/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/09/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/15 01:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - antiox9100977 [pii]
AID - antioxidants-09-00977 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/antiox9100977 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Oct 12;9(10):977. doi: 10.3390/antiox9100977.