PMID- 33067478
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210310
LR  - 20240329
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Oct 16
TI  - Mineralogy of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitates formed using 
      single cell drop-based microfluidics.
PG  - 17535
LID - 10.1038/s41598-020-73870-y [doi]
LID - 17535
AB  - Microbe-mineral interactions are ubiquitous and can facilitate major 
      biogeochemical reactions that drive dynamic Earth processes such as rock 
      formation. One example is microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation 
      (MICP) in which microbial activity leads to the formation of calcium carbonate 
      precipitates. A majority of MICP studies have been conducted at the mesoscale but 
      fundamental questions persist regarding the mechanisms of cell encapsulation and 
      mineral polymorphism. Here, we are the first to investigate and characterize 
      precipitates on the microscale formed by MICP starting from single ureolytic E. 
      coli MJK2 cells in 25 microm diameter drops. Mineral precipitation was observed over 
      time and cells surrounded by calcium carbonate precipitates were observed under 
      hydrated conditions. Using Raman microspectroscopy, amorphous calcium carbonate 
      (ACC) was observed first in the drops, followed by vaterite formation. ACC and 
      vaterite remained stable for up to 4 days, possibly due to the presence of 
      organics. The vaterite precipitates exhibited a dense interior structure with a 
      grainy exterior when examined using electron microscopy. Autofluorescence of 
      these precipitates was observed possibly indicating the development of a calcite 
      phase. The developed approach provides an avenue for future investigations 
      surrounding fundamental processes such as precipitate nucleation on bacteria, 
      microbe-mineral interactions, and polymorph transitions.
FAU - Zambare, Neerja M
AU  - Zambare NM
AD  - Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, 
      Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
AD  - Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, 
      USA.
FAU - Naser, Nada Y
AU  - Naser NY
AD  - Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, 
      Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
AD  - Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, 
      USA.
FAU - Gerlach, Robin
AU  - Gerlach R
AD  - Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, 
      Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA. robin_g@montana.edu.
AD  - Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, 
      USA. robin_g@montana.edu.
FAU - Chang, Connie B
AU  - Chang CB
AD  - Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, 
      Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA. connie.chang@montana.edu.
AD  - Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, 
      USA. connie.chang@montana.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20201016
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Minerals)
RN  - H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Calcium Carbonate/*chemistry
MH  - Chemical Precipitation
MH  - Escherichia coli/*metabolism
MH  - Microfluidics/*methods
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Microscopy, Fluorescence
MH  - Minerals/chemistry
MH  - Nanoparticles/chemistry
MH  - Spectrum Analysis, Raman
PMC - PMC7568533
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/10/18 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/11 06:00
PMCR- 2020/10/16
CRDT- 2020/10/17 05:27
PHST- 2020/05/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/09/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/17 05:27 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-020-73870-y [pii]
AID - 73870 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-020-73870-y [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 16;10(1):17535. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73870-y.