PMID- 33073549 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211011 LR - 20231111 IS - 2366-7478 (Print) IS - 2366-7478 (Electronic) IS - 2366-7478 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 11 DP - 2020 Nov TI - Ligand Density Controls C-Type Lectin-Like Molecule-1 Receptor-Specific Uptake of Polymer Nanoparticles. PG - e2000172 LID - 10.1002/adbi.202000172 [doi] AB - The newest generation of drug delivery systems (DDSs) exploits ligands to mediate specific targeting of cells and/or tissues. However, studies investigating the link between ligand density and nanoparticle (NP) uptake are limited to a small number of ligand-receptor systems. C-type lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL1) is uniquely expressed on myeloid cells, which enables the development of receptors specifically targeting treat various diseases. This study aims to investigate how NPs with different CLL1 targeting peptide density impact cellular uptake. To this end, poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-b-poly(styrene) NPs are functionalized with cyclized CLL1 binding peptides (cCBP) ranging from 240 +/- 12 to 31 000 +/- 940 peptides per NP. Unexpectedly, the percentage of cells with internalized NPs is decreased for all cCBP-NP designs regardless of ligand density compared to unmodified NPs. Internalization through CLL1 receptor-mediated processes is further investigated without confounding the effects of NP size and surface charge. Interestingly, high density cCBP-NPs (>7000 cCBP per NP) uptake is dominated by CLL1 receptor-mediated processes while low density cCBP-NPs ( approximately 200 cCBP per NP) and untargeted NP occurred through non-specific clathrin and caveolin-mediated endocytosis. Altogether, these studies show that ligand density and uptake mechanism should be carefully investigated for specific ligand-receptor systems for the design of targeted DDSs to achieve effective drug delivery. CI - (c) 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Ackun-Farmmer, Marian A AU - Ackun-Farmmer MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3081-5115 AD - University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, NY, USA. AD - University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Rochester, NY, USA. FAU - Alatise, Kharimat L AU - Alatise KL AD - University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, NY, USA. FAU - Cross, Griffin AU - Cross G AD - Washington University in St. Louis, Biomedical/Medical Engineering, St. Louis, MO, USA. FAU - Benoit, Danielle S W AU - Benoit DSW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7137-8164 AD - University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, NY, USA. AD - University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Rochester, NY, USA. AD - University of Rochester, Materials Science Program, Rochester, NY, USA. AD - University of Rochester, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rochester, NY, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 AR069655/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002001/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AR056696/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AR064200/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States GR - F31 CA228391/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20201019 PL - Germany TA - Adv Biosyst JT - Advanced biosystems JID - 101711718 RN - 0 (Cell Adhesion Molecule-1) RN - 0 (Lectins, C-Type) RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Polymers) SB - IM MH - Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/chemistry/metabolism MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - Drug Delivery Systems/*methods MH - Humans MH - *Lectins, C-Type/chemistry/metabolism MH - Ligands MH - *Nanoparticles/chemistry/metabolism MH - Peptides/chemistry/metabolism MH - Polymers/chemistry/pharmacokinetics PMC - PMC7959326 MID - NIHMS1672499 OTO - NOTNLM OT - C-type lectin-like molecule-1 binding peptides OT - cell uptake OT - ligand density COIS- Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/10/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/12 06:00 PMCR- 2021/03/15 CRDT- 2020/10/19 06:05 PHST- 2020/07/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/10/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/10/19 06:05 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/adbi.202000172 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Adv Biosyst. 2020 Nov;4(11):e2000172. doi: 10.1002/adbi.202000172. Epub 2020 Oct 19.