PMID- 33084958
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210714
LR  - 20231017
IS  - 1436-6215 (Electronic)
IS  - 1436-6207 (Linking)
VI  - 60
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 Aug
TI  - Long-term effects of increasing omega-3, omega-6 and total polyunsaturated fats 
      on inflammatory bowel disease and markers of inflammation: a systematic review 
      and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
PG  - 2293-2316
LID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02413-y [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Effects of long-chain omega-3 (LCn3) and omega-6 fatty acids 
      on prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, including 
      Crohn's Disease, CD and ulcerative colitis, UC), and inflammation are unclear. We 
      systematically reviewed long-term effects of omega-3, omega-6 and total 
      polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) on IBD diagnosis, relapse, severity, pharmacotherapy, 
      quality of life and key inflammatory markers. METHODS: We searched Medline, 
      Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and trials registries, including RCTs in adults with or 
      without IBD comparing higher with lower omega-3, omega-6 and/or total PUFA intake 
      for >/= 24 weeks that assessed IBD-specific outcomes or inflammatory biomarkers. 
      RESULTS: We included 83 RCTs (41,751 participants), of which 13 recruited 
      participants with IBD. Increasing LCn3 may reduce risk of IBD relapse (RR 0.85, 
      95% CI 0.72-1.01) and IBD worsening (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71-1.03), and reduce 
      erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, SMD - 0.23, 95% CI - 0.44 to - 0.01), but 
      may increase IBD diagnosis risk (RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.63-1.92), and faecal 
      calprotectin, a specific inflammatory marker for IBD (MD 16.1 mug/g, 95% CI - 37.6 
      to 69.8, all low-quality evidence). Outcomes for alpha-linolenic acid, omega-6 
      and total PUFA were sparse, but suggested little or no effect where data were 
      available. CONCLUSION: This is the most comprehensive meta-analysis of RCTs 
      investigating long-term effects of omega-3, omega-6 and total PUFA on IBD and 
      inflammatory markers. Our findings suggest that supplementation with PUFAs has 
      little or no effect on prevention or treatment of IBD and provides little support 
      for modification of long-term inflammatory status.
CI  - (c) 2020. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Ajabnoor, Sarah M
AU  - Ajabnoor SM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0996-1484
AD  - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. 
      smajabnoor@kau.edu.sa.
AD  - Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King 
      Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80324, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia. 
      smajabnoor@kau.edu.sa.
FAU - Thorpe, Gabrielle
AU  - Thorpe G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0639-4229
AD  - School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
FAU - Abdelhamid, Asmaa
AU  - Abdelhamid A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9897-5433
AD  - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
FAU - Hooper, Lee
AU  - Hooper L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7904-3331
AD  - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20201021
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur J Nutr
JT  - European journal of nutrition
JID - 100888704
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - *Fatty Acids, Omega-3
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - *Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
MH  - Quality of Life
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alpha-linolenic acid
OT  - C-reactive protein
OT  - Dietary fats, unsaturated
OT  - Fatty acids, omega-3
OT  - Fatty acids, omega-6
OT  - Inflammatory bowel diseases
OT  - Meta-analysis
EDAT- 2020/10/22 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/15 06:00
CRDT- 2020/10/21 12:25
PHST- 2020/03/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/21 12:25 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02413-y [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00394-020-02413-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Nutr. 2021 Aug;60(5):2293-2316. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02413-y. Epub 2020 
      Oct 21.