PMID- 33100603
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210123
IS  - 0959-6526 (Print)
IS  - 1879-1786 (Electronic)
IS  - 0959-6526 (Linking)
VI  - 284
DP  - 2021 Feb 15
TI  - Energy trilemma based prioritization of waste-to-energy technologies: 
      Implications for post-COVID-19 green economic recovery in Pakistan.
PG  - 124729
LID - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124729 [doi]
AB  - As lockdown eases, economic activities resume in Pakistan. If the country 
      continues to follow business-as-usual (BAU) then it is anticipated that carbon 
      output could surge past pre-COVID-19 levels - that means more disasters in 
      future. Thus, it is an unprecedented opportunity to shift from BAU and achieve 
      carbon-neutral and nature-positive economic recovery - green economic recovery 
      (GER). To fuel the GER, access to modern, equitable, affordable and sustainable 
      energy is paramount. This study explores waste-to-energy (WtE) as an alternative 
      green fuel for GER. Seven WtE technologies are prioritized based on the concept 
      of energy trilemma - energy security, energy equity, and environmental 
      sustainability. For the evaluation, an energy trilemma based decision support 
      framework is developed using most prominent multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) 
      methods. The fuzzy set theory is integrated with MCDM methods to minimize 
      uncertainty in results. Sixteen experts are engaged to score each WtE technology 
      with respect to every energy trilemma dimension and sub-dimension. Gasification 
      technology is found to be the most feasible option for WtE generation in Pakistan 
      whereas Torrefaction technology is least favorable. It is concluded that the need 
      to shift towards sustainable energy is more than ever to limit the carbon 
      emission and prevent future crisis.
CI  - (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ali Shah, Syed Ahsan
AU  - Ali Shah SA
AD  - School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 
      Nanjing 210094, China.
FAU - Longsheng, Cheng
AU  - Longsheng C
AD  - School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 
      Nanjing 210094, China.
FAU - Solangi, Yasir Ahmed
AU  - Solangi YA
AD  - School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 
      Nanjing 210094, China.
FAU - Ahmad, Munir
AU  - Ahmad M
AD  - School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
FAU - Ali, Sharafat
AU  - Ali S
AD  - Department of Economics, Government Postgraduate College Kot Sultan, Layyah, 
      Punjab, Pakistan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201019
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Clean Prod
JT  - Journal of cleaner production
JID - 101538287
PMC - PMC7571478
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - Green economic recovery
OT  - MCDM
OT  - Renewable energy
OT  - SDG 7
OT  - Waste-to-Energy
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2020/10/27 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/27 06:01
PMCR- 2020/10/19
CRDT- 2020/10/26 05:19
PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/26 05:19 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0959-6526(20)34773-9 [pii]
AID - 124729 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124729 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clean Prod. 2021 Feb 15;284:124729. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124729. Epub 
      2020 Oct 19.