PMID- 33110751
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240330
IS  - 2211-5072 (Electronic)
IS  - 2211-5056 (Print)
IS  - 2211-5056 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 3
DP  - 2020 Jul-Sep
TI  - Factors associated with severity of orbitopathy in patients with Graves' disease.
PG  - 197-202
LID - 10.4103/tjo.tjo_10_20 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is one of the most frequent orbital disorders 
      and is the most common cause of proptosis in adults. GO is described as chronic 
      inflammation of orbital and periorbital tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the 
      risk factors for severe GO in patients with Graves' disease (GD). MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study done on 52 newly diagnosed 
      patients of GD with GO documented by thyroid (99m)Technetium-pertechnetate scan 
      at our center between May 2016 and May 2019. All patients underwent a 
      comprehensive ophthalmological examination and laboratory and hormonal analysis. 
      Clinical Activity Score (CAS) and severity were estimated as per the European 
      Group on Graves Orbitopathy. Thirty-four patients with mild GO were compared with 
      18 patients with moderate-to-severe GO (severe) for baseline risk parameters. 
      RESULTS: Majority of the patients had mild orbitopathy (34 [65.4%]) followed by 
      moderate to severe (18 [34.6%]). CAS was active in 13.5% of the study group. 
      There was a statistically significant male preponderance in severe GO. Current 
      smoking increased the risk of severe GO (P = 0.003). Duration of GD symptoms at 
      presentation was statistically significantly longer in severe GO patients than 
      mild GO (P = 0.004). Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) titer significantly 
      increased in severe GO group (6.2 +/- 2.4 IU/L) when compared to mild GO (3.2 +/- 1.6 
      IU/L) (P < 0.001). TRAb positivity was similar between groups. Braley's sign, 
      i.e., the differential intraocular pressure (IOP) of >6 mmHg, was statistically 
      significantly higher in severe GO (P < 0.001). Male gender, current smoking, TRAb 
      >2 upper limit of normal (ULN), and differential IOP >6 mmHg were found to be 
      associated with severe GO. CONCLUSION: Approximately 35% of the patients with GO 
      have severe disease, with a higher risk in men. This study identified male 
      gender, current smoking, TRAb >2 ULN, and differential IOP >6 mmHg to be 
      associated with severe GO.
CI  - Copyright: (c) 2020 Taiwan J Ophthalmol.
FAU - Nabi, Tauseef
AU  - Nabi T
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, MMSSH, Ambala, Haryana, India.
FAU - Rafiq, Nadeema
AU  - Rafiq N
AD  - Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Baramulla, Jammu and 
      Kashmir, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200504
PL  - India
TA  - Taiwan J Ophthalmol
JT  - Taiwan journal of ophthalmology
JID - 101582127
CIN - Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2021 Feb 26;12(1):118-119. PMID: 35399973
PMC - PMC7585466
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Clinical Activity Score
OT  - Graves' disease
OT  - Graves' orbitopathy
OT  - severe orbitopathy
OT  - thyrotropin receptor antibody
COIS- The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests of this paper.
EDAT- 2020/10/29 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/29 06:01
PMCR- 2020/05/04
CRDT- 2020/10/28 05:41
PHST- 2019/12/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/28 05:41 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - TJO-10-197 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/tjo.tjo_10_20 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2020 May 4;10(3):197-202. doi: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_10_20. 
      eCollection 2020 Jul-Sep.