PMID- 33115676
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210621
LR  - 20210621
IS  - 1879-0720 (Electronic)
IS  - 0928-0987 (Linking)
VI  - 158
DP  - 2021 Mar 1
TI  - Preparation and characterization of hot-melt extruded polycaprolactone-based 
      filaments intended for 3D-printing of tablets.
PG  - 105619
LID - S0928-0987(20)30407-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105619 [doi]
AB  - Hot-melt extruded (HME) filaments are an essential intermediate product for the 
      three- dimensional (3D) printing of drug delivery systems (DDSs) by the fused 
      deposition modelling (FDM) process. The aim of this study was to design novel 
      polymeric 3D-printable HME filaments loaded with active pharmaceutical 
      ingredients (APIs). The physical solid-state properties, mechanical properties, 
      drug release and short-term storage stability of the filaments and 3D-printed 
      DDSs were studied. Physical powder mixtures of polycaprolactone (PCL), 
      plasticizer and API were manually blended, extruded by a single-screw extruder, 
      and printed by a table-top FDM 3D-printing system. The composition of PCL and 
      arabic gum (ARA) enabled the incorporation of 20%, 30% and 40% (w/w) of 
      indomethacin (IND) and theophylline (THEO) into the HME filaments. The uneven 
      distribution of API throughout the filaments impaired 3D printing. The HME 
      filaments loaded with 20% IND or THEO were selected for the further analysis and 
      printing tests (the ratio of PCL, ARA and IND or THEO was 7:1:2, respectively). 
      The IND filaments were yellowish, mechanically strong and flexible, and they had 
      a uniform filament diameter and smooth outer surface. The filaments containing 
      THEO were smooth and off-white. The 3D-printed tablets fabricated from IND or 
      THEO-loaded filaments showed sustained drug release in vitro. The drug release 
      rate, however, significantly increased by changing the geometry of 3D-printed 
      tablets from a conventional tablet structure to an unorthodox lattice 
      ("honeycomb") structure. Overall, the combination of PCL and ARA provides an 
      interesting novel polymeric carrier system for 3D-printable HME filaments and 
      tablets.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Viidik, Laura
AU  - Viidik L
AD  - Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia. 
      Electronic address: laura.viidik@ut.ee.
FAU - Vesala, Jemina
AU  - Vesala J
AD  - School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
FAU - Laitinen, Riikka
AU  - Laitinen R
AD  - School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
FAU - Korhonen, Ossi
AU  - Korhonen O
AD  - School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
FAU - Ketolainen, Jarkko
AU  - Ketolainen J
AD  - School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
FAU - Aruvali, Jaan
AU  - Aruvali J
AD  - Department of Geology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of 
      Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia.
FAU - Kirsimae, Kalle
AU  - Kirsimae K
AD  - Department of Geology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of 
      Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia.
FAU - Kogermann, Karin
AU  - Kogermann K
AD  - Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.
FAU - Heinamaki, Jyrki
AU  - Heinamaki J
AD  - Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.
FAU - Laidmae, Ivo
AU  - Laidmae I
AD  - Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia; 
      Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, 
      Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.
FAU - Ervasti, Tuomas
AU  - Ervasti T
AD  - School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201025
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Eur J Pharm Sci
JT  - European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European 
      Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
JID - 9317982
RN  - 0 (Polyesters)
RN  - 0 (Tablets)
RN  - 24980-41-4 (polycaprolactone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Drug Liberation
MH  - *Polyesters
MH  - *Printing, Three-Dimensional
MH  - Tablets
MH  - Technology, Pharmaceutical
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3D-printing
OT  - arabic gum
OT  - drug release
OT  - filament
OT  - fused deposition modelling
OT  - hot-melt extrusion
OT  - polycaprolactone
EDAT- 2020/10/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:00
CRDT- 2020/10/29 05:32
PHST- 2020/05/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/29 05:32 [entrez]
AID - S0928-0987(20)30407-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105619 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Pharm Sci. 2021 Mar 1;158:105619. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105619. Epub 
      2020 Oct 25.