PMID- 33122481
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210806
LR  - 20210806
IS  - 2149-2271 (Electronic)
IS  - 2149-2263 (Print)
IS  - 2149-2263 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 5
DP  - 2020 Nov
TI  - Cannabis and tramadol addiction: Do they imply additive risk for acute myocardial 
      infarction in adults younger than 45 years?
PG  - 316-325
LID - 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2020.67206 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main cause of cardiovascular 
      events worldwide. AMI commonly occurs in elderly patients because of 
      atherosclerotic process related to common risk factors. Consequently, the rupture 
      of atheromatous plaque with deleterious sequela is the common etiology of the 
      disease. However, there are less studied etiological factors in youth compared 
      with the usual population. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the risk 
      profile of Egyptian youth presenting with AMI. METHODS: A study was conducted in 
      106 patients aged </=45 years admitted with AMI in our university hospital to 
      explore their clinical profile risk factors. RESULTS: In the study, 71 (67%) and 
      35 (33%) patients presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 
      non-STEMI (NSTEMI). Anterior wall MI was predominant in 49 patients (46.2%). 
      Moreover, 93 patients (88%) were smokers, 31 (29.2%) used tramadol, 43 (40.6%) 
      smoked cannabis, 50 (47.2%) had poor sleeping habits, 29 (27.4%) had high stress 
      levels, 37 (34.9%) had hypertension, and 22 (20.8%) had diabetes. Twenty (18.9%) 
      patients had a family history of premature coronary artery disease. High and low 
      high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were observed in 20 (18.9%) and 47 (44.3%) 
      patients, respectively. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was involved in 
      56% of the studied population associated with tramadol use. A significant 
      association was found between both tramadol use and cannabis smoking and presence 
      of heavy thrombus burden on coronary angiography. CONCLUSION: AMI in Egyptian 
      youth was predominantly observed in men, with anterior STEMI as the most common 
      presentation. Cannabis and tramadol addiction were high risk factors for AMI in 
      Egyptian youth.
FAU - Mansour, Hazem
AU  - Mansour H
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University; Cairo-Egypt.
FAU - Rayan, Mona
AU  - Rayan M
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University; Cairo-Egypt.
FAU - Shnoda, Mina
AU  - Shnoda M
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital; Pennsylvania-United 
      States of America.
FAU - Kamal, Diaa
AU  - Kamal D
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University; Cairo-Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Turkey
TA  - Anatol J Cardiol
JT  - Anatolian journal of cardiology
JID - 101652981
RN  - 39J1LGJ30J (Tramadol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - *Cannabis
MH  - Egypt/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Myocardial Infarction/*epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*complications
MH  - *Tramadol
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC7724384
COIS- Conflict of interest: None declared.
EDAT- 2020/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/07 06:00
PMCR- 2020/11/01
CRDT- 2020/10/30 05:45
PHST- 2020/10/30 05:45 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - AJC-24-316 [pii]
AID - 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2020.67206 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anatol J Cardiol. 2020 Nov;24(5):316-325. doi: 
      10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2020.67206.