PMID- 33123032
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240329
IS  - 1664-042X (Print)
IS  - 1664-042X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-042X (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2020
TI  - Urine Metabolomics Analysis in Patients With Normoalbuminuric Diabetic Kidney 
      Disease.
PG  - 578799
LID - 10.3389/fphys.2020.578799 [doi]
LID - 578799
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) leads to low high albuminuria and 
      gradually progresses to very high albuminuria with kidney insufficiency. However, 
      about 20-40% of DKD is normoalbuminuric DKD (NADKD), which has impaired kidney 
      function but normal urine albumin. This study is to investigate the urine 
      metabolomic profiles of patients with NADKD and albuminuria DKD (ADKD). METHODS: 
      In total, 95 patients were divided into a simple diabetes mellitus group (SDM 
      group), an ADKD group, and a NADKD group. All subjects were analyzed for urine 
      metabolites using non-targeted metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid 
      chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The urine metabolomic 
      profiles of the SDM group, NADKD group, and ADKD group were significantly 
      different, and 65 different metabolites were identified among the three groups. 
      Metabolic pathway analysis of these differential metabolites found that the top 
      three significantly changed metabolic pathways were linoleic acid metabolism, 
      citrate cycle, and, arginine and proline metabolism. There are 12 metabolites 
      enriched in these three metabolic pathways. In detail, compared with those in the 
      SDM group, the levels of gamma-linolenic acid in the ADKD group were increased 
      significantly, while the levels of succinic acid, cis-aconitic acid, citric acid, 
      L-proline, L-erythro-4-hydroxyglutamate, N-methylhydantoin, 
      N-carbamoylputrescine, spermidine, and 5-aminopentanoic acid were reduced 
      significantly; compared with those in the NADKD group, the levels of linoleic 
      acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and L-malic acid in the ADKD group were increased 
      significantly (P < 0.05), while the levels of L-proline, 
      L-erythro-4-hydroxyglutamate, N-carbamoylputrescine, and spermidine were 
      significantly reduced (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant difference 
      between the SDM group and NADKD group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The urine 
      metabolomic profiles between the NADKD group and the ADKD group are significantly 
      different. Specifically, these two groups have distinct levels of linoleic acid, 
      gamma-linolenic acid, L-malic acid, L-proline, L-erythro-4-hydroxyglutamate, 
      N-carbamoylputrescine, and spermidine.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Feng, Li, Yang and Feng.
FAU - Feng, Qian
AU  - Feng Q
AD  - College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese 
      Medicine, Chengdu, China.
FAU - Li, Yuanmeng
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical 
      University, Luzhou, China.
FAU - Yang, Yuwei
AU  - Yang Y
AD  - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China.
FAU - Feng, Jiafu
AU  - Feng J
AD  - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201006
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Physiol
JT  - Frontiers in physiology
JID - 101549006
PMC - PMC7573362
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - albuminuria
OT  - diabetes mellitus
OT  - diabetic kidney disease
OT  - glomerular filtration rate
OT  - metabolomics
EDAT- 2020/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/31 06:01
PMCR- 2020/10/06
CRDT- 2020/10/30 05:53
PHST- 2020/07/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/30 05:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fphys.2020.578799 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Physiol. 2020 Oct 6;11:578799. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.578799. eCollection 
      2020.