PMID- 33127139
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210210
LR  - 20210210
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 765
DP  - 2021 Apr 15
TI  - Geoenvironmental properties of industrially contaminated site soil 
      solidified/stabilized with a sustainable by-product-based binder.
PG  - 142778
LID - S0048-9697(20)36307-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142778 [doi]
AB  - This paper presents a study on utilizing a novel BCP binder, basic oxygen furnace 
      slag (BOFS) activated with mixed calcium carbide residue (CCR) and phosphogypsum 
      (PG), to solidify/stabilize heavy metals in industrial contaminated site soil. 
      The effects of curing time and binder dosage on the geoenvironmental properties 
      of the solidified/stabilized soil including soil pH, electrical conductivity, 
      unconfined compressive strength, and leachability were tested and discussed. 
      Chemical speciation of target heavy metals, pore-size distribution of treated 
      soil, and phase identification of reaction products were analyzed to understand 
      the mechanisms leading to the change of geoenvironmental properties. The results 
      demonstrated that the addition of the BCP binder yielded remarkable increase in 
      soil pH, unconfined compressive strength, and relative binding intensity index 
      (I(R)) of target heavy metals including nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn), while 
      significantly decreased the electrical conductivity and leachability of 
      contaminated soil. The I(R) value of heavy metals had a good linear relationship 
      with the leached concentrations on a semi-logarithmic scale. The formation of 
      heavy metal-bearing precipitates, absorptivity of calcium silicate hydrate 
      (C-S-H), heavy metals encapsulation by C-S-H, and ion-exchange of heavy metals 
      with ettringite (AFt) contributed to the immobilization of heavy metals in the 
      solidified/stabilized soil.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Feng, Ya-Song
AU  - Feng YS
AD  - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Engineering and Environmental Safety, 
      Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, 
      China. Electronic address: fengyasong@seu.edu.cn.
FAU - Du, Yan-Jun
AU  - Du YJ
AD  - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Engineering and Environmental Safety, 
      Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, 
      China. Electronic address: duyanjun@seu.edu.cn.
FAU - Zhou, Annan
AU  - Zhou A
AD  - Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne 
      Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. Electronic 
      address: annan.zhou@rmit.edu.au.
FAU - Zhang, Ming
AU  - Zhang M
AD  - Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and 
      Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan. Electronic 
      address: m.zhang@aist.go.jp.
FAU - Li, Jiang-Shan
AU  - Li JS
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of 
      Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. 
      Electronic address: jsli@whrsm.ac.cn.
FAU - Zhou, Shi-Ji
AU  - Zhou SJ
AD  - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Engineering and Environmental Safety, 
      Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, 
      China. Electronic address: shijizhou@seu.edu.cn.
FAU - Xia, Wei-Yi
AU  - Xia WY
AD  - Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China. 
      Electronic address: xiaweiyi@seu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201006
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - By-products
OT  - Contaminated soil
OT  - Heavy metal
OT  - Leachability
OT  - Solidification/stabilization
OT  - Unconfined compressive strength
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/11/01 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/01 06:01
CRDT- 2020/10/31 05:26
PHST- 2020/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/09/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/09/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/31 05:26 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(20)36307-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142778 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 15;765:142778. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142778. 
      Epub 2020 Oct 6.