PMID- 33129855
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210603
LR  - 20210603
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 196
DP  - 2021 May
TI  - Third-hand exposure at homes: Assessment using salivary cotinine.
PG  - 110393
LID - S0013-9351(20)31290-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110393 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a 
      well-established problem, exposure to third-hand smoke (THS) is scanty known and 
      needs to be studied. The objective of this work is to characterize salivary 
      cotinine concentrations among people who self-reported exposure to SHS and THS at 
      home. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of a representative sample (n = 736) of the 
      adult population (>/=16 years) from the city of Barcelona carried out in 2013-2014. 
      A questionnaire on tobacco use and passive exposure was administered, and a 
      saliva sample was collected for cotinine determination. For this study, the 
      information of the non-smoker participants who provided saliva sample (n = 519) 
      was used. The geometric means (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD) of the 
      cotinine concentration were compared according to the type of self-reported 
      exposure at home: (1) Not exposed to SHS or THS; (2) Exposed to SHS and THS; and 
      (3) Only exposed to THS. We used log-linear models to compare the cotinine 
      concentration of each exposed group with respect to the unexposed group, 
      adjusting for sex, age, educational level, and tobacco exposure in other 
      settings. RESULTS: The GM of the salivary cotinine concentration was 0.34 ng/ml 
      (GSD = 0.16) among individuals reporting SHS and THS exposure, 0.22 ng/ml 
      (GSD = 0.15) among those reporting only THS exposure and 0.11 ng/ml (GSD = 0.04) 
      among those who declared not to be exposed to SHS nor THS (p-value for trend 
      <0.001). The regression model showed a statistically significant increase in 
      cotinine concentration among those exposed to SHS and THS (188% higher, 95% CI: 
      153%; 223%), and only exposed to THS (106% higher, IC95. %: 74.5%; 137.0%) when 
      comparing with the unexposed group. No statistically significant differences in 
      cotinine concentration were observed between those exposed to SHS and THS 
      compared to the THS group (-25.8%, 95% CI: -69.5%; 17.9%). 
      CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: People exposed to third-hand smoke at home had 
      quantifiable cotinine levels in saliva. No differences in cotinine levels were 
      found between those exposed to second-hand and third-hand smoke at home. The 
      reduction of exposure to third-hand smoke at home should be put into the agenda 
      of tobacco control.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lidon-Moyano, Cristina
AU  - Lidon-Moyano C
AD  - Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of 
      Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat Del Valles, 
      Spain. Electronic address: clidon@uic.es.
FAU - Fu, Marcela
AU  - Fu M
AD  - Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala 
      d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control 
      Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Institut D'Investigacio 
      Biomedica de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; School of 
      Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; 
      Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Perez-Ortuno, Raul
AU  - Perez-Ortuno R
AD  - Group of Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neurosciences 
      Programme, IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Parc de Recerca 
      Biomedica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Ballbe, Montse
AU  - Ballbe M
AD  - Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala 
      d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control 
      Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Institut D'Investigacio 
      Biomedica de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium 
      for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain; Group of 
      Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neurosciences Programme, IMIM 
      (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Parc de Recerca Biomedica de 
      Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, 
      Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Garcia, Esteve
AU  - Garcia E
AD  - Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of 
      Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat Del Valles, 
      Spain.
FAU - Martin-Sanchez, Juan Carlos
AU  - Martin-Sanchez JC
AD  - Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of 
      Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat Del Valles, 
      Spain.
FAU - Pascual, Jose A
AU  - Pascual JA
AD  - Group of Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neurosciences 
      Programme, IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Parc de Recerca 
      Biomedica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health 
      Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona, 
      Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Fernandez, Esteve
AU  - Fernandez E
AD  - Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala 
      d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control 
      Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Institut D'Investigacio 
      Biomedica de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; School of 
      Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; 
      Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Martinez-Sanchez, Jose M
AU  - Martinez-Sanchez JM
AD  - Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of 
      Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat Del Valles, 
      Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut 
      Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control 
      Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Institut D'Investigacio 
      Biomedica de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20201028
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution)
RN  - K5161X06LL (Cotinine)
SB  - IM
CIN - Environ Res. 2021 Mar;194:110686. PMID: 33385392
CIN - Environ Res. 2021 Apr;195:110595. PMID: 33556354
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cotinine/analysis
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Saliva/chemistry
MH  - *Tobacco Products
MH  - *Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomarker
OT  - Smoke-free homes
OT  - Third-hand smoke
OT  - Tobacco exposure
EDAT- 2020/11/02 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/04 06:00
CRDT- 2020/11/01 20:29
PHST- 2020/06/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/01 20:29 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(20)31290-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110393 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2021 May;196:110393. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110393. Epub 2020 
      Oct 28.