PMID- 33143352
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201128
IS  - 2079-7737 (Print)
IS  - 2079-7737 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-7737 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 11
DP  - 2020 Oct 30
TI  - The Immune Response of the Invasive Golden Apple Snail to a Nematode-Based 
      Molluscicide Involves Different Organs.
LID - 10.3390/biology9110371 [doi]
LID - 371
AB  - The spreading of alien and invasive species poses new challenges for the 
      ecosystem services, the sustainable production of food, and human well-being. 
      Unveiling and targeting the immune system of invasive species can prove helpful 
      for basic and applied research. Here, we present evidence that a nematode 
      (Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita)-based molluscicide exerts dose-dependent lethal 
      effects on the golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata. When used at 1.7 g/L, 
      this biopesticide kills about 30% of snails within one week and promotes a change 
      in the expression of Pc-bpi, an orthologue of mammalian bactericidal/permeability 
      increasing protein (BPI). Changes in Pc-bpi expression, as monitored by 
      quantitative PCR (qPCR), occurred in two immune-related organs, namely the 
      anterior kidney and the gills, after exposure at 18 and 25  degrees C, respectively. 
      Histological analyses revealed the presence of the nematode in the snail anterior 
      kidney and the gills at both 18 and 25  degrees C. The mantle and the central nervous 
      system had a stable Pc-bpi expression and seemed not affected by the nematodes. 
      Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments demonstrated the expression 
      of Pc-bpi in circulating hemocytes, nurturing the possibility that increased 
      Pc-bpi expression in the anterior kidney and gills may be due to the hemocytes 
      patrolling the organs. While suggesting that P. hermaphrodita-based biopesticides 
      enable the sustainable control of P. canaliculata spread, our experiments also 
      unveiled an organ-specific and temperature-dependent response in the snails 
      exposed to the nematodes. Overall, our data indicate that, after exposure to a 
      pathogen, the snail P. canaliculata can mount a complex, multi-organ innate 
      immune response.
FAU - Montanari, Alice
AU  - Montanari A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2863-4761
AD  - The Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Human and Molecular Biology 
      (IRIBHM), Free University of Brussels (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
FAU - Bergamini, Giulia
AU  - Bergamini G
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 
      Modena, Italy.
FAU - Ferrari, Agnese
AU  - Ferrari A
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 
      Modena, Italy.
FAU - Ferri, Anita
AU  - Ferri A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3209-4585
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 
      Modena, Italy.
FAU - Nasi, Milena
AU  - Nasi M
AD  - Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University 
      of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
FAU - Simonini, Roberto
AU  - Simonini R
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 
      Modena, Italy.
FAU - Malagoli, Davide
AU  - Malagoli D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9857-8534
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 
      Modena, Italy.
LA  - eng
GR  - FAR2015/Universita Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila/
GR  - Bando 2015/Fondazione di Vignola (Vignola, MO, Italy)/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201030
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Biology (Basel)
JT  - Biology
JID - 101587988
PMC - PMC7692235
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita
OT  - Pomacea canaliculata
OT  - eco-immunology
OT  - hemocytes
OT  - immunity
OT  - invertebrate
OT  - molluscicide
OT  - mollusk
OT  - pest control
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/11/05 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/05 06:01
PMCR- 2020/11/01
CRDT- 2020/11/04 01:03
PHST- 2020/10/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/04 01:03 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/11/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/05 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - biology9110371 [pii]
AID - biology-09-00371 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/biology9110371 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Biology (Basel). 2020 Oct 30;9(11):371. doi: 10.3390/biology9110371.