PMID- 33169346
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210319
IS  - 1869-6953 (Print)
IS  - 1869-6961 (Electronic)
IS  - 1869-6961 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - African Cuisine-Centered Insulin Therapy: Expert Opinion on the Management of 
      Hyperglycaemia in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
PG  - 37-54
LID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00958-z [doi]
AB  - The prevalence of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is growing rapidly, and a 
      steadily increasing number of adults are estimated to be living with type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin therapy is the treatment of choice in patients 
      who present with severe hyperglycaemia and in most of those who do not achieve 
      target goals on oral hypoglycaemic agents. Initiating treatment with the 
      appropriate type of insulin based on the meal patterns and lifestyle of the 
      individual patient is a strategy that is more likely than others to improve 
      glycaemic control and adherence. African cuisine typically has a high 
      carbohydrate load. Given these predominantly carbohydrate-rich food habits, it is 
      essential to modify this dietary pattern whilst at the same time ensuring that 
      insulin therapy is initiated, titrated and maintained in a timely manner, as 
      needed to suit the patient's habits. To date, there are no published clinical 
      guidelines to guide practitioners and patients on tailoring insulin to match the 
      high carbohydrate content in African cuisine. To address this gap, we have 
      reviewed current insulin therapy practices and propose a patient-centric guide to 
      insulin therapy based on African cuisine. A literature search was conducted for 
      studies published in English up to November 2019 that focused on the choice of 
      insulin and its dosing in relation to African foods. All articles extracted were 
      reviewed by an expert group. The recommendation of the expert group was that 
      basal-bolus and premix insulin regimens are best suited to manage post-meal 
      glycaemia in African cuisine. The timing and constituents of the meal, portion 
      sizes, glycaemic load and glycaemic index of meals should be considered when 
      choosing the type of insulin and insulin regimen. Assessment of individual 
      preferences and comorbidities should be prioritised and form an integral part of 
      diabetes management.
FAU - Mbanya, Jean Claude
AU  - Mbanya JC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9651-8653
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Center, University 
      of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. jcmbanya@yahoo.co.uk.
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and 
      Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. 
      jcmbanya@yahoo.co.uk.
FAU - Lamptey, Roberta
AU  - Lamptey R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4260-9442
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital-University of Ghana, 
      Accra, Ghana.
AD  - Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
FAU - Uloko, Andrew E
AU  - Uloko AE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3747-0300
AD  - Department of Medicine, Bayero University Kano / Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, 
      Kano, Nigeria.
FAU - Ankotche, Amos
AU  - Ankotche A
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Enocrinology and Geriatrics, Unit of Training 
      and Research, Medical Science of Abidjan, University of Cote D'Ivoire, Abidjan, 
      Ivory Coast.
FAU - Moleele, Gontle
AU  - Moleele G
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Bokamoso Private Hospital, Mmopane, Botswana.
FAU - Mohamed, Gaman Ali
AU  - Mohamed GA
AD  - Comprehensive Diabetes Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
FAU - Ramracheya, Iswaraj
AU  - Ramracheya I
AD  - Heart and Wellness Centre, Wellkin Hospital, Moka, Mauritius.
FAU - Ramaiya, Kaushik
AU  - Ramaiya K
AD  - Shree Hindu Mandal Hospital, Chusi Street, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
FAU - Ndiweni, Malusi
AU  - Ndiweni M
AD  - Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe.
FAU - Mbaye, Maimouna Ndour
AU  - Mbaye MN
AD  - Centre du Diabete Marc Sankale, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Bahendeka, Silver
AU  - Bahendeka S
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School, Uganda 
      Martyrs University, Kampala, Uganda.
FAU - Kalra, Sanjay
AU  - Kalra S
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20201109
PL  - United States
TA  - Diabetes Ther
JT  - Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related 
      disorders
JID - 101539025
PMC - PMC7843662
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - African cuisine
OT  - Carbohydrate
OT  - Insulin therapy
OT  - Meal pattern
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
EDAT- 2020/11/11 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/11 06:01
PMCR- 2020/11/09
CRDT- 2020/11/10 05:47
PHST- 2020/08/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/10 05:47 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00958-z [pii]
AID - 958 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00958-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Ther. 2021 Jan;12(1):37-54. doi: 10.1007/s13300-020-00958-z. Epub 2020 
      Nov 9.