PMID- 33184206
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201209
LR  - 20201214
IS  - 1095-9203 (Electronic)
IS  - 0036-8075 (Linking)
VI  - 370
IP  - 6518
DP  - 2020 Nov 13
TI  - New refrigerants and system configurations for vapor-compression refrigeration.
PG  - 791-796
LID - 10.1126/science.abe3692 [doi]
AB  - The high global warming potential of current refrigerants in cooling equipment 
      based on the vapor-compression cycle has triggered a major effort to find and 
      implement more environmentally benign alternatives. Here, we review the basics of 
      the vapor-compression cycle together with the safety, environmental, and 
      thermodynamic constraints that have led to the current and next generation of 
      refrigerants. The development of new fluids has focused on fluorinated olefins, 
      known as hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), and blends that contain HFOs. Many of these 
      are slightly flammable, presenting trade-offs between safety and environmental 
      considerations. Engineers also have options with a resurgence of the "natural 
      refrigerants" (ammonia, carbon dioxide, propane, and isobutane). Innovative 
      system designs that reduce the required quantity of refrigerant may allow a wider 
      choice of refrigerants.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American 
      Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government 
      Works.
FAU - McLinden, Mark O
AU  - McLinden MO
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1082-309X
AD  - Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and 
      Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA. mark.mclinden@nist.gov.
FAU - Seeton, Christopher J
AU  - Seeton CJ
AD  - Shrieve Chemical Products, The Woodlands, TX 77380, USA.
FAU - Pearson, Andy
AU  - Pearson A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8096-8924
AD  - Star Refrigeration, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Science
JT  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 0404511
SB  - IM
EDAT- 2020/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/14 06:01
CRDT- 2020/11/13 05:45
PHST- 2020/11/13 05:45 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/14 06:01 [medline]
AID - 370/6518/791 [pii]
AID - 10.1126/science.abe3692 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Science. 2020 Nov 13;370(6518):791-796. doi: 10.1126/science.abe3692.