PMID- 33213028
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210610
IS  - 2309-608X (Electronic)
IS  - 2309-608X (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 4
DP  - 2020 Nov 17
TI  - Melanin as a Virulence Factor in Different Species of Genus Paracoccidioides.
LID - 10.3390/jof6040291 [doi]
LID - 291
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a granulomatous systemic mycosis caused by the 
      thermo-dimorphic fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. Melanin production by fungi 
      can affect their pathogenesis and virulence. This study evaluates the production 
      of melanin by different isolates of genus Paracoccidioides and examines how the 
      presence of this polymer affects yeast cell phagocytosis, as well as laccase 
      enzyme production. The results obtained showed that the isolates of genus 
      Paracoccidioides: P. lutzii (Pb01, Pb66, ED01, Pb1578, and Pb8334), P. 
      restrepiensis (PS3-Pb60855), P. brasiliensis (S1-Pb18), and P. americana 
      (PS2-Pbcao) produce melanin in the presence of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine 
      (L-DOPA). Phagocytosis assays were carried out with peritoneal macrophages from 
      C57Bl/6 mice that were challenged with Pb18, Pb60855, and Pb01. We observed that 
      melanin interferes with phagocytosis in the presence or absence of complement or 
      heat-inactivated serum. This article confirms that different species of the genus 
      Paracoccidioides produce melanin in different magnitudes and that the polymer 
      functions as a virulence factor.
FAU - C P Emidio, Eluzia
AU  - C P Emidio E
AD  - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de 
      Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
FAU - E Uran J, Martha
AU  - E Uran J M
AD  - Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, Laboratorio de Micologia 
      Medica/LIM53, Departamento de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade 
      de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad de 
      Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia.
FAU - B R Silva, Leandro
AU  - B R Silva L
AD  - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de 
      Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
FAU - S Dias, Lucas
AU  - S Dias L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2344-1354
AD  - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de 
      Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
FAU - Doprado, Mariana
AU  - Doprado M
AD  - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de 
      Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
FAU - Nosanchuk, Joshua D
AU  - Nosanchuk JD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9905-5754
AD  - Departments of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases) and Microbiology and 
      Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
FAU - Taborda, Carlos Pelleschi
AU  - Taborda CP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9928-9809
AD  - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de 
      Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
AD  - Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, Laboratorio de Micologia 
      Medica/LIM53, Departamento de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade 
      de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
LA  - eng
GR  - 420480/2018-8/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/
GR  - R01 AI052733/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI52733/NH/NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 2016/08730-6/Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de 
      São Paulo/
GR  - 2019/20622-2/Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de 
      São Paulo/
GR  - 2018/25171-6/Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de 
      São Paulo/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201117
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - J Fungi (Basel)
JT  - Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101671827
PMC - PMC7712084
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Paracoccidioides
OT  - Paracoccidioides spp. melanin
OT  - paracoccidioidomycosis
OT  - virulence factor
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/11/21 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:01
PMCR- 2020/11/17
CRDT- 2020/11/20 01:01
PHST- 2020/10/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/11/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/20 01:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/21 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jof6040291 [pii]
AID - jof-06-00291 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/jof6040291 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Fungi (Basel). 2020 Nov 17;6(4):291. doi: 10.3390/jof6040291.