PMID- 33270616
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201204
LR  - 20220128
IS  - 1545-861X (Electronic)
IS  - 0149-2195 (Print)
IS  - 0149-2195 (Linking)
VI  - 69
IP  - 48
DP  - 2020 Dec 4
TI  - Regional Analysis of Coccidioidomycosis Incidence - California, 2000-2018.
PG  - 1817-1821
LID - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6948a4 [doi]
AB  - Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) is an infection caused by the soil-dwelling 
      fungus Coccidioides spp., which usually manifests as a mild self-limited 
      respiratory illness or pneumonia but can result in severe disseminated disease 
      and, rarely, death (1,2). In California, coccidioidomycosis incidence increased 
      nearly 800% from 2000 (2.4 cases per 100,000 population) to 2018 (18.8) (2-4). 
      The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) reports statewide and 
      county-level coccidioidomycosis incidence annually; however, a comprehensive 
      regional analysis has not been conducted. Using California coccidioidomycosis 
      surveillance data during 2000-2018, age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated, 
      and coccidioidomycosis epidemiology was described in six regions. During 
      2000-2018, a total of 65,438 coccidioidomycosis cases were reported in 
      California; median statewide annual incidence was 7.9 per 100,000 population and 
      varied by region from 1.1 in Northern and Eastern California to 90.6 in the 
      Southern San Joaquin Valley, with the largest increase (15-fold) occurring in the 
      Northern San Joaquin Valley. When analyzing demographic data, which was available 
      for >99% of cases for sex and age and 59% of cases for race/ethnicity, median 
      annual incidence was high among males (10.2) and Black persons (9.0) consistently 
      across all regions; however, incidence varied among Hispanics and adults aged 
      40-59 years by region. Tracking these surveillance data at the regional level 
      reinforced understanding of where and among what demographic groups 
      coccidioidomycosis rates have been highest and revealed where rates are 
      increasing most dramatically. The results of this analysis influenced the 
      planning of a statewide coccidioidomycosis awareness campaign so that the 
      messaging, including social media and TV and radio segments, focused not only on 
      the general population in the areas with the highest rates, but also in areas 
      where coccidioidomycosis is increasing at the fastest rates and with messaging 
      targeted to groups at highest risk in those areas.
FAU - Sondermeyer Cooksey, Gail L
AU  - Sondermeyer Cooksey GL
AD  - Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department 
      of Public Health.
FAU - Nguyen, Alyssa
AU  - Nguyen A
AD  - Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department 
      of Public Health.
FAU - Vugia, Duc
AU  - Vugia D
AD  - Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department 
      of Public Health.
FAU - Jain, Seema
AU  - Jain S
AD  - Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department 
      of Public Health.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201204
PL  - United States
TA  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
JT  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
JID - 7802429
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - California/epidemiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Coccidioidomycosis/*epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC7714029
COIS- All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical 
      Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No 
      potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
EDAT- 2020/12/04 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2020/12/04
CRDT- 2020/12/03 17:14
PHST- 2020/12/03 17:14 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mm6948a4 [pii]
AID - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6948a4 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Dec 4;69(48):1817-1821. doi: 
      10.15585/mmwr.mm6948a4.