PMID- 33287642
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210316
LR  - 20210318
IS  - 2047-9980 (Electronic)
IS  - 2047-9980 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 24
DP  - 2020 Dec 15
TI  - Associations of Observational and Genetically Determined Caffeine Intake With 
      Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus.
PG  - e016808
LID - 10.1161/JAHA.120.016808 [doi]
LID - e016808
AB  - Background Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant and is associated 
      with lower risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus 
      (T2DM). However, whether these associations are causal remains unknown. This 
      study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with caffeine intake, and to 
      investigate evidence for causal links with CAD or T2DM. In addition, we aimed to 
      replicate previous observational findings. Methods and Results Observational 
      associations were tested within UK Biobank using Cox regression analyses. 
      Moderate observational caffeine intakes from coffee or tea were associated with 
      lower risks of CAD or T2DM, with the lowest risks at intakes of 121 to 180 mg/day 
      from coffee for CAD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77 [95% CI, 0.73-0.82; P<1x10(-16)]), 
      and 301 to 360 mg/day for T2DM (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.67-0.86]; P=1.57x10(-5)). 
      Next, genome-wide association studies were performed on self-reported caffeine 
      intake from coffee, tea, or both in 407 072 UK Biobank participants. These 
      analyses identified 51 novel genetic variants associated with caffeine intake at 
      P<1.67x10(-8). These loci were enriched for central nervous system genes. 
      However, in contrast to the observational analyses, 2-sample Mendelian 
      randomization analyses using the identified loci in independent disease-specific 
      cohorts yielded no evidence for causal links between genetically determined 
      caffeine intake and the development of CAD or T2DM. Conclusions Mendelian 
      randomization analyses indicate genetically determined higher caffeine intake 
      might not protect against CAD or T2DM, despite protective associations in 
      observational analyses.
FAU - Said, M Abdullah
AU  - Said MA
AD  - Department of Cardiology University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of 
      Groningen Groningen the Netherlands.
FAU - van de Vegte, Yordi J
AU  - van de Vegte YJ
AD  - Department of Cardiology University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of 
      Groningen Groningen the Netherlands.
FAU - Verweij, Niek
AU  - Verweij N
AD  - Department of Cardiology University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of 
      Groningen Groningen the Netherlands.
FAU - van der Harst, Pim
AU  - van der Harst P
AD  - Department of Cardiology University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of 
      Groningen Groningen the Netherlands.
AD  - Division of Heart and Lungs Department of Cardiology University Medical Center 
      Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20201208
PL  - England
TA  - J Am Heart Assoc
JT  - Journal of the American Heart Association
JID - 101580524
RN  - 0 (Coffee)
RN  - 0 (Tea)
RN  - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Caffeine/*administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Causality
MH  - Coffee/adverse effects
MH  - Coronary Artery Disease/etiology/*genetics
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology/*genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - Genome-Wide Association Study/methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Mendelian Randomization Analysis/methods
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Risk Reduction Behavior
MH  - Tea/adverse effects
PMC - PMC7955399
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Mendelian randomization
OT  - caffeine intake
OT  - coronary artery disease
OT  - genetics
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- None.
EDAT- 2020/12/09 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/17 06:00
PMCR- 2020/12/15
CRDT- 2020/12/08 05:30
PHST- 2020/12/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/08 05:30 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JAH35630 [pii]
AID - 10.1161/JAHA.120.016808 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Dec 15;9(24):e016808. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016808. Epub 
      2020 Dec 8.