PMID- 33302209 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210101 LR - 20210101 IS - 1879-1298 (Electronic) IS - 0045-6535 (Linking) VI - 265 DP - 2021 Feb TI - Characteristics and sources of volatile organic compounds during high ozone episodes: A case study at a site in the eastern Guanzhong Plain, China. PG - 129072 LID - S0045-6535(20)33269-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129072 [doi] AB - This study performed continuous measurements of 105 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Weinan in the eastern Guanzhong Plain from 1 July to September 19, 2019. Ozone (O(3)) episode and non-episode days were identified according to China Ambient Air Quality Standard, and the concentrations of total quantified VOCs (TVOCs) were 33.43 +/- 13.64 ppbv and 29.13 +/- 14.31 ppbv, respectively. During different O(3) pollution episodes, alkanes comprised the highest proportion to TVOC concentrations, while alkenes contributed the most to ozone formation potential (OFP). In addition, O(3) episode days were mainly caused by enhanced emissions of precursors and meteorological conditions favorable to O(3) production. Based on Empirical Kinetic Modelling Approach (EKMA), the O(3) formation in Weinan was found in the transitional regime, in which the synergistic reduction of VOCs and nitrogen oxide (NOx) would be more effective for O(3) reduction. Eight sources were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, with natural gas (NG)/liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) usage as the most significant contributor to VOC concentration, followed by vehicle exhaust, biomass burning, solvent usage, fuel evaporation, rubber/plastic industrial emissions, biogenic source, and mixed industrial emissions. Furthermore, rubber/plastic industrial emissions, solvent usage, fuel evaporation, and vehicle exhaust were the most significant sources to O(3) formation. Based on conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF), vehicle exhaust, fuel evaporation, and solvent usage were mainly local emissions, while other sources were mainly affected by regional transport. This study provides useful reference for research on the atmospheric photochemical formation of O(3) and evidence for regional O(3) reduction strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Hui, Lirong AU - Hui L AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. FAU - Ma, Tong AU - Ma T AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. FAU - Gao, Zongjiang AU - Gao Z AD - Nanjing Intelligent Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211800, China. FAU - Gao, Jian AU - Gao J AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. Electronic address: gaojian@craes.org.cn. FAU - Wang, Zhe AU - Wang Z AD - Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Xue, Likun AU - Xue L AD - Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250013, China. FAU - Liu, Hanqing AU - Liu H AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. FAU - Liu, Jiayuan AU - Liu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201121 PL - England TA - Chemosphere JT - Chemosphere JID - 0320657 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Vehicle Emissions) RN - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds) RN - 66H7ZZK23N (Ozone) SB - IM MH - *Air Pollutants/analysis MH - China MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - *Ozone/analysis MH - Photochemical Processes MH - Vehicle Emissions/analysis MH - *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) OT - EKMA OT - O(3)-VOC-NOx sensitivity OT - Ozone OT - Source apportionment OT - Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2020/12/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/02 06:00 CRDT- 2020/12/10 20:14 PHST- 2020/06/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/12/10 20:14 [entrez] AID - S0045-6535(20)33269-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129072 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chemosphere. 2021 Feb;265:129072. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129072. Epub 2020 Nov 21.