PMID- 33303472
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201229
LR  - 20210110
IS  - 2044-6055 (Electronic)
IS  - 2044-6055 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 12
DP  - 2020 Dec 10
TI  - Factors associated with the mental health status of medical students during the 
      COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Japan.
PG  - e043728
LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043728 [doi]
LID - e043728
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on university students, 
      including those in medical schools, with disruption in routine education causing 
      significant psychological distress. The objective of this study was to evaluate 
      the factors associated with psychological distress among medical students during 
      the period of enforced home quarantine from March through May 2020. DESIGN: A 
      cross-sectional study. SETTING: One Japanese medical school. PARTICIPANTS: 571 
      medical students. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-administered 
      electronic questionnaires including the K-6 scale for psychological distress, the 
      Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) for self-esteem and the General Self-Efficacy 
      Scale (GSES) for self-efficacy were distributed. To assess the determinant factor 
      for psychological distress, variables such as sex, grade in school, living 
      conditions, and RSES and GSES scores were evaluated in regression analysis. 
      RESULTS: 163 respondents (28.5%) scored >/=5 on the K-6 scale, indicating a 
      significant degree of psychological distress. Logistic regression revealed that a 
      higher score on RSES (p<0.001) and GSES (p<0.01) was an independent factor 
      associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Multiple regression 
      analysis focusing on students with a K-6 score >/=5 revealed that higher scores on 
      RSES correlated with lower levels of psychological distress. By contrast, those 
      with higher GSES scores also scored higher for indicators of psychological 
      distress. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that self-efficacy and self-esteem 
      were both influential factors for predicting psychological distress during the 
      current COVID-19 pandemic. Medical schools should provide support for mental 
      health and educational initiatives directed at enhancing self-esteem and 
      self-efficacy, with a focus on improving personal resilience. In emergency 
      situations, such as that faced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, initial 
      programmes might target students with higher levels of self-efficacy. By 
      contrast, under routine situations, these efforts should be directed towards 
      students with lower self-esteem as primary means to prevent depression.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No 
      commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
FAU - Arima, Makiko
AU  - Arima M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6574-3727
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, 
      Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan makiko39@med.showa-u.ac.jp.
FAU - Takamiya, Yusuke
AU  - Takamiya Y
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, 
      Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Furuta, Atsuko
AU  - Furuta A
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, 
      Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Siriratsivawong, Kris
AU  - Siriratsivawong K
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, 
      Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Tsuchiya, Shizuma
AU  - Tsuchiya S
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, 
      Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Izumi, Miki
AU  - Izumi M
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, 
      Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201210
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Open
JT  - BMJ open
JID - 101552874
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - COVID-19/*psychology
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Depression/prevention & control
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Japan/epidemiology
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Male
MH  - *Mental Health
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Resilience, Psychological
MH  - *Self Efficacy
MH  - Stress, Psychological/*epidemiology
MH  - Students, Medical/*psychology
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC7733210
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - depression & mood disorders
OT  - medical education & training
OT  - mental health
OT  - social medicine
COIS- Competing interests: None declared.
EDAT- 2020/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/30 06:00
PMCR- 2020/12/10
CRDT- 2020/12/11 05:50
PHST- 2020/12/11 05:50 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - bmjopen-2020-043728 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043728 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMJ Open. 2020 Dec 10;10(12):e043728. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043728.