PMID- 33306775 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210116 IS - 1415-4757 (Print) IS - 1678-4685 (Electronic) IS - 1415-4757 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 4 DP - 2020 TI - Extensive genomic reshuffling involved in the karyotype evolution of genus Cerradomys (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini). PG - e20200149 LID - S1415-47572020000600207 [pii] LID - 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2020-0149 [doi] LID - e20200149 AB - Rodents of the genus Cerradomys belong to the tribe Oryzomyini and present high chromosome variability with diploid numbers ranging from 2n=46 to 60. Classical cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with telomeric and whole chromosome-specific probes of another Oryzomyini, Oligoryzomys moojeni (OMO), were used to assess the karyotype evolution of the genus. Results were integrated into a molecular phylogeny to infer the hypothetical direction of chromosome changes. The telomeric FISH showed signals in telomeres in species that diverged early in the phylogeny, plus interstitial telomeric signals (ITS) in some species from the most derived clades (C. langguthi, C. vivoi, C. goytaca, and C. subflavus). Chromosome painting revealed homology from 23 segments of C. maracajuensis and C. marinhus to 32 of C. vivoi. Extensive chromosome reorganization was responsible for karyotypic differences in closely related species. Major drivers for genomic reshuffling were in tandem and centric fusion, fission, paracentric and pericentric inversions or centromere repositioning. Chromosome evolution was associated with an increase and decrease in diploid number in different lineages and ITS indicate remnants of ancient telomeres. Cytogenetics results corroborates that C. goytaca is not a junior synonym of C. subflavus since the karyotypic differences found may lead to reproductive isolation. FAU - Di-Nizo, Camilla Bruno AU - Di-Nizo CB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6995-5994 AD - Instituto Butantan, Laboratorio de Ecologia e Evolucao, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm Andrew AU - Ferguson-Smith MA AD - Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Silva, Maria Jose de J AU - Silva MJJ AD - Instituto Butantan, Laboratorio de Ecologia e Evolucao, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. LA - eng GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20201113 PL - Brazil TA - Genet Mol Biol JT - Genetics and molecular biology JID - 100883590 PMC - PMC7783725 EDAT- 2020/12/12 06:00 MHDA- 2020/12/12 06:01 PMCR- 2020/11/13 CRDT- 2020/12/11 17:09 PHST- 2020/05/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/12/11 17:09 [entrez] PHST- 2020/12/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/12/12 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/11/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1415-47572020000600207 [pii] AID - 1678-4685-GMB-2020-0149 [pii] AID - 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2020-0149 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genet Mol Biol. 2020 Nov 13;43(4):e20200149. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2020-0149. eCollection 2020.