PMID- 33322049
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201229
IS  - 2079-6382 (Print)
IS  - 2079-6382 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-6382 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 12
DP  - 2020 Dec 10
TI  - The Use of Antimicrobials in Italian Heavy Pig Fattening Farms.
LID - 10.3390/antibiotics9120892 [doi]
LID - 892
AB  - Data on antimicrobial use (AMU) in heavy pig production (>150 kg) are limited. 
      The aim of this study was to investigate the AMU in this production. Data from 
      2015 were collected for 143 fattening farms. The AMU was estimated through a 
      treatment index per 100 days (TI(100)) using the defined daily dose animal for 
      Italy (DDDAit). When possible, a comparison with the European Medicines Agency's 
      defined daily doses for animals (DDDvet) was performed. The median TI(100) was 
      10.7 (range, 0.2-49.5). Group treatments represented 94.6% of overall 
      consumption. The AMU calculated using DDDAit and DDDvet were strongly correlated 
      (rho = 0.976; p < 0.001). The AMU was negatively correlated with injectables use (rho 
      = -0.46, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with oral products (rho = 0.21, p = 
      0.014), premixes (rho = 0.26, p = 0.002), and mortality (rho = 0.18; p = 0.027). Farm 
      size was negatively correlated with AMU (rho = -0.29, p < 0.001). Smaller farms 
      were more frequently above the median TI(100) (odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence 
      interval = 1.2-4.7), suggesting that they may have lower biosecurity and 
      management standards. The results of this study should provide useful insights 
      for the development of an Italian monitoring system.
FAU - Scali, Federico
AU  - Scali F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4412-0587
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Santucci, Giovanni
AU  - Santucci G
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Maisano, Antonio M
AU  - Maisano AM
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Giudici, Francesca
AU  - Giudici F
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Guadagno, Federica
AU  - Guadagno F
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Tonni, Matteo
AU  - Tonni M
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Amicabile, Alberto
AU  - Amicabile A
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Formenti, Nicoletta
AU  - Formenti N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1516-1256
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Giacomini, Enrico
AU  - Giacomini E
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Lazzaro, Massimiliano
AU  - Lazzaro M
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Bontempi, Giorgio
AU  - Bontempi G
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Vitale, Nicoletta
AU  - Vitale N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4357-4613
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta 
      (I.Z.S.T.O.), S.S. Osservatorio delle Regioni, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, 
      Italy.
FAU - Alban, Lis
AU  - Alban L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5561-5297
AD  - Danish Agriculture & Food Council, Axelborg, Axeltorv 3, 1609 Copenhagen, 
      Denmark.
FAU - Dewulf, Jeroen
AU  - Dewulf J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9843-5990
AD  - Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 
      Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
FAU - Ianieri, Adriana
AU  - Ianieri A
AD  - Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, 
      Italy.
FAU - Ghidini, Sergio
AU  - Ghidini S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7351-0381
AD  - Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, 
      Italy.
FAU - Belluzzi, Giancarlo
AU  - Belluzzi G
AD  - Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, 
      Italy.
FAU - Candela, Loredana
AU  - Candela L
AD  - Italian Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Maggio, Angelica
AU  - Maggio A
AD  - Italian Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Pasquali, Paolo
AU  - Pasquali P
AD  - Department of Food Safety Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto 
      Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Borrello, Silvio
AU  - Borrello S
AD  - Italian Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Alborali, Giovanni L
AU  - Alborali GL
AD  - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 
      'Bruno Ubertini' (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 
      7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201210
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Antibiotics (Basel)
JT  - Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101637404
PMC - PMC7764202
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AMU
OT  - DDDAit
OT  - DDDvet
OT  - mortality
OT  - pig production
OT  - prudent use
OT  - swine
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/17 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/10
CRDT- 2020/12/16 01:02
PHST- 2020/11/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/16 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - antibiotics9120892 [pii]
AID - antibiotics-09-00892 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/antibiotics9120892 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Dec 10;9(12):892. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9120892.