PMID- 33325008
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210323
IS  - 1869-6953 (Print)
IS  - 1869-6961 (Electronic)
IS  - 1869-6961 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - The Role of Tirzepatide, Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in the Management 
      of Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS Clinical Trials.
PG  - 143-157
LID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00981-0 [doi]
AB  - Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) based therapy is an established treatment option 
      for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is recommended early in 
      the treatment algorithm owing to glycaemic efficacy, weight reduction and 
      favourable cardiovascular outcomes. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide 
      (GIP), on the other hand, was thought to have no potential as a glucose-lowering 
      therapy because of observations showing no insulinotropic effect from 
      supraphysiological infusion in people with T2DM. However, emerging evidence has 
      illustrated that co-infusion of GLP-1 and GIP has a synergetic effect, resulting 
      in significantly increased insulin response and glucagonostatic response, 
      compared with separate administration of each hormone. These observations have 
      led to the development of a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist, known as a 
      'twincretin'. Tirzepatide is a novel dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist formulated 
      as a synthetic peptide containing 39 amino acids, based on the native GIP 
      sequence. Pre-clinical trials and phase 1 and 2 clinical trials indicate that 
      tirzepatide has potent glucose lowering and weight loss with adverse effects 
      comparable to those of established GLP-1 receptor agonists. The long-term 
      efficacy, safety and cardiovascular outcomes of tirzepatide will be investigated 
      in the SURPASS phase 3 clinical trial programme. In this paper, we will review 
      the pre-clinical and phase 1 and 2 trials for tirzepatide in the management of 
      T2DM and give an overview of the SURPASS clinical trials.
FAU - Min, Thinzar
AU  - Min T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4467-3840
AD  - Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK. 
      thinzar.min@swansea.ac.uk.
AD  - Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Neath Port Talbot Hospital, Swansea Bay 
      University Health Board, Swansea, SA12 7BX, UK. thinzar.min@swansea.ac.uk.
FAU - Bain, Stephen C
AU  - Bain SC
AD  - Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
AD  - Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay 
      University Health Board, Swansea, SA2 8QA, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20201215
PL  - United States
TA  - Diabetes Ther
JT  - Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related 
      disorders
JID - 101539025
PMC - PMC7843845
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Glucagon-like peptide 1
OT  - Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
OT  - Incretin hormone
OT  - Tirzepatide
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
EDAT- 2020/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/17 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/15
CRDT- 2020/12/16 05:39
PHST- 2020/10/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/16 05:39 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00981-0 [pii]
AID - 981 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00981-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Ther. 2021 Jan;12(1):143-157. doi: 10.1007/s13300-020-00981-0. Epub 2020 
      Dec 15.