PMID- 33335920
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201219
IS  - 2297-1769 (Print)
IS  - 2297-1769 (Electronic)
IS  - 2297-1769 (Linking)
VI  - 7
DP  - 2020
TI  - Laterality of Ovulation and Presence of the Embryo Do Not Affect Uterine Horn 
      Blood Flow During the First Month of Gestation in Llamas.
PG  - 598117
LID - 10.3389/fvets.2020.598117 [doi]
LID - 598117
AB  - We determined if laterality of ovulation and intrauterine embryo location 
      differentially induces changes in the mesometrial/endometrial vascularization 
      area (MEVA) between uterine horns, during and after embryo migration, elongation 
      and implantation in llamas. Adult, non-pregnant and non-lactating llamas (n = 30) 
      were subjected to daily B-mode ultrasound scanning of their ovaries. Llamas with 
      a growing follicle >/=8 mm in diameter in the left (n = 15) or right (n = 15) ovary 
      were assigned to a single mating with an adult fertile or vasectomized male. 
      Power-doppler ultrasonography was used to determine the MEVA in a cross section 
      of the middle segment of both uterine horns. MEVA was determined by off-line 
      measurements using the ImageJ software. MEVA measurements were performed before 
      mating (day 0) and on days 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 after mating in pregnant 
      [llamas with left- (n = 6) or right-sided (n = 6) ovulations] and non-pregnant 
      [llamas with left- (n = 6) or right-sided (n = 6) ovulations] females. Ovulation 
      was confirmed by the disappearance of a follicle (>/=8 mm) detected previously. 
      Pregnancy was confirmed by the presence of the embryo proper. MEVA was analyzed 
      by one-way ANOVA for repeated measures using the MIXED Procedure in SAS. If 
      significant (P </= 0.05) main effects or interactions were detected, Tukey's 
      post-hoc test for multiple comparisons was used. Ovulation rate did not differ (P 
      = 0.4) between females mated to an intact or vasectomized male and between right- 
      or left-sided ovulations. Three females mated to the intact and 3 to the 
      vasectomized male did not ovulate and were excluded of the study. First 
      observation of fluid inside the gestational sac and of embryo proper, were made 
      exclusively in the left uterine horn, on day 15.8 +/- 3.8 and 22 +/- 2.7, and 16.7+/- 
      2.6 and 27.5 +/- 2.8 for pregnant llamas ovulating in the right and left ovary, 
      respectively. Although the MEVA of both uterine horns was affected by time (P < 
      0.05), it was not affected by physiological status (pregnant vs. non-pregnant; P 
      = 0.9) or laterality of ovulation (P = 0.4). Contrary to expectations, regardless 
      of the laterality of ovulation, in pregnant llamas the left horn did not display 
      a greater MEVA before or after embryo arrival, a trend that was observed during 
      the first 30 days of gestation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Ratto, Urra and Silva.
FAU - Ratto, Marcelo H
AU  - Ratto MH
AD  - Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
FAU - Urra, Felipe
AU  - Urra F
AD  - School of Graduate Studies, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
FAU - Silva, Mauricio
AU  - Silva M
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health of Veterinary, Universidad 
      Catolica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
AD  - Nucleo de Investigacion en Produccion Alimentaria, Universidad Catolica de 
      Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201201
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Vet Sci
JT  - Frontiers in veterinary science
JID - 101666658
PMC - PMC7736036
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - embryo
OT  - gestation
OT  - llamas
OT  - ovulation
OT  - uterine vascularization
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/12/19 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/19 06:01
PMCR- 2020/01/01
CRDT- 2020/12/18 05:52
PHST- 2020/08/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/18 05:52 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fvets.2020.598117 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Vet Sci. 2020 Dec 1;7:598117. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.598117. eCollection 
      2020.