PMID- 33343925
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201222
IS  - 2057-1577 (Print)
IS  - 2057-1577 (Electronic)
IS  - 2057-1577 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 2
DP  - 2020 Jul
TI  - HIV-1 p24Gag adaptation to modern and archaic HLA-allele frequency differences in 
      ethnic groups contributes to viral subtype diversification.
PG  - veaa085
LID - 10.1093/ve/veaa085 [doi]
LID - veaa085
AB  - Pathogen-driven selection and past interbreeding with archaic human lineages have 
      resulted in differences in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-allele frequencies 
      between modern human populations. Whether or not this variation affects pathogen 
      subtype diversification is unknown. Here we show a strong positive correlation 
      between ethnic diversity in African countries and both human immunodeficiency 
      virus (HIV)-1 p24gag and subtype diversity. We demonstrate that ethnic HLA-allele 
      differences between populations have influenced HIV-1 subtype diversification as 
      the virus adapted to escape common antiviral immune responses. The evolution of 
      HIV Subtype B (HIV-B), which does not appear to be indigenous to Africa, is 
      strongly affected by immune responses associated with Eurasian HLA variants 
      acquired through adaptive introgression from Neanderthals and Denisovans. 
      Furthermore, we show that the increasing and disproportionate number of 
      HIV-infections among African Americans in the USA drive HIV-B evolution towards 
      an Africa-centric HIV-1 state. Similar adaptation of other pathogens to HLA 
      variants common in affected populations is likely.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.
FAU - Kist, Nicolaas C
AU  - Kist NC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1081-6594
AD  - Division of Clinical Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 
      Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, 
      UK.
AD  - Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, 
      UK.
FAU - Lambert, Ben
AU  - Lambert B
AD  - Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, 
      UK.
AD  - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty 
      of Medicine, Imperial College London, Medical School Building St Mary's Campus, 
      Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
FAU - Campbell, Samuel
AU  - Campbell S
AD  - Division of Clinical Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 
      Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, 
      UK.
AD  - Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, 
      UK.
FAU - Katzourakis, Aris
AU  - Katzourakis A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5665-4041
AD  - Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, 
      UK.
FAU - Lunn, Daniel
AU  - Lunn D
AD  - Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, St Giles', Oxford OX1 3LB, UK.
FAU - Lemey, Philippe
AU  - Lemey P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2826-5353
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, 
      KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium.
FAU - Iversen, Astrid K N
AU  - Iversen AKN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3507-5956
AD  - Division of Clinical Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 
      Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, 
      UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201212
PL  - England
TA  - Virus Evol
JT  - Virus evolution
JID - 101664675
PMC - PMC7733611
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HIV-1
OT  - HLA
OT  - adaptation
OT  - diversification
OT  - phylodynamics
OT  - phylogenetics
OT  - subtype
EDAT- 2020/12/22 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/22 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/12
CRDT- 2020/12/21 06:06
PHST- 2020/12/21 06:06 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - veaa085 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/ve/veaa085 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Virus Evol. 2020 Dec 12;6(2):veaa085. doi: 10.1093/ve/veaa085. eCollection 2020 
      Jul.