PMID- 33348272
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210119
LR  - 20210119
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1636
DP  - 2021 Jan 11
TI  - Organochlorine pesticide analysis in milk by gas-diffusion microextraction with 
      gas chromatography-electron capture detection and confirmation by mass 
      spectrometry.
PG  - 461797
LID - S0021-9673(20)31071-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461797 [doi]
AB  - Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are synthetic compounds less used nowadays due 
      to their toxicity combined with slow degradation which leads to accumulation in 
      the environment. Gas-diffusion microextraction (GDME) was employed prior to gas 
      chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and mass spectrometry 
      (GC-MS). For the first time, the low-cost, eco-friendly GDME system was used to 
      extract the OCPs directly from milk samples and associated with GC-ECD. 
      Parameters that affect GDME's performance (extract volume, extraction time, and 
      temperature) were optimized. The calibration curves of all OCPs (alpha- and 
      beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane, hexachlorobenzene, p,p'-DDE, aldrin, dieldrin, 
      and alpha-endosulfan) had coefficients of determination (r(2)) ranging from 0.991 to 
      0.995, and limits of detection (LODs) values ranging from 3.7 to 4.8 microg L(-1). 
      This method also provided satisfactory values for precision with relative 
      standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 10% and recoveries above 90%. As a 
      proof-of-concept, several commercial milk samples were analyzed, aldrin was found 
      in one of them but below the maximum residue limits.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Lobato, Alnilan
AU  - Lobato A
AD  - Departamento de Quimica Fundamental, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao 
      Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
FAU - Fernandes, Virginia Cruz
AU  - Fernandes VC
AD  - REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto 
      Politecnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: 
      virginiacruz@graq.isep.ipp.pt.
FAU - Pacheco, Joao G
AU  - Pacheco JG
AD  - REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto 
      Politecnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
FAU - Delerue-Matos, Cristina
AU  - Delerue-Matos C
AD  - REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto 
      Politecnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
FAU - Goncalves, Luis Moreira
AU  - Goncalves LM
AD  - Departamento de Quimica Fundamental, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao 
      Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil. Electronic address: lmgoncalves@iq.usp.br.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201210
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diffusion
MH  - *Electrons
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Milk/*chemistry
MH  - Pesticide Residues/analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Dairy products
OT  - Food quality
OT  - Microextraction
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants
OT  - Sample preparation
OT  - Separation
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/12/22 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/20 06:00
CRDT- 2020/12/21 20:16
PHST- 2020/09/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/21 20:16 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(20)31071-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461797 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2021 Jan 11;1636:461797. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461797. Epub 
      2020 Dec 10.