PMID- 33353014
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2076-393X (Print)
IS  - 2076-393X (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-393X (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 4
DP  - 2020 Dec 18
TI  - The Potential of Soluble Human Leukocyte Antigen Molecules for Early Cancer 
      Detection and Therapeutic Vaccine Design.
LID - 10.3390/vaccines8040775 [doi]
LID - 775
AB  - Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules are essential for anti-tumor immunity, as 
      they display tumor-derived peptides to drive tumor eradication by cytotoxic T 
      lymphocytes. HLA molecules are primarily studied as peptide-loaded complexes on 
      cell membranes (mHLA) and much less attention is given to their secretion as 
      soluble HLA-peptide complexes (sHLA) into bodily fluids. Yet sHLA levels are 
      altered in various pathologies including cancer, and are thus of high interest as 
      biomarkers. Disconcordance in results across studies, however, hampers 
      interpretation and generalization of the relationship between sHLA levels and 
      cancer presence, thereby impairing its use as a biomarker. Furthermore, the 
      question remains to what extent sHLA complexes exert immunomodulatory effects and 
      whether shifts in sHLA levels contribute to disease or are only a consequence of 
      disease. sHLA complexes can also bear tumor-derived peptides and recent 
      advancements in mass spectrometry now permit closer sHLA peptide cargo analysis. 
      sHLA peptide cargo may represent a "liquid biopsy" that could facilitate the use 
      of sHLA for cancer diagnosis and target identification for therapeutic 
      vaccination. This review aims to outline the contradictory and unexplored aspects 
      of sHLA and to provide direction on how the full potential of sHLA as a 
      quantitative and qualitative biomarker can be exploited.
FAU - Kessler, Amy L
AU  - Kessler AL
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical 
      Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Bruno, Marco J
AU  - Bruno MJ
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical 
      Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Buschow, Sonja I
AU  - Buschow SI
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7907-8315
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical 
      Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20201218
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Vaccines (Basel)
JT  - Vaccines
JID - 101629355
PMC - PMC7766713
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - biomarker
OT  - cancer immunotherapy
OT  - immunopeptidomics
OT  - liquid biopsy
OT  - mass spectrometry
OT  - soluble human leukocyte antigens (sHLA)
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/12/24 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/24 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/18
CRDT- 2020/12/23 01:02
PHST- 2020/10/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/23 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - vaccines8040775 [pii]
AID - vaccines-08-00775 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/vaccines8040775 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Dec 18;8(4):775. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8040775.