PMID- 33360466
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210121
LR  - 20210121
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 762
DP  - 2021 Mar 25
TI  - Assessing environmental pollution levels in marinas.
PG  - 144169
LID - S0048-9697(20)37700-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144169 [doi]
AB  - Despite the growing interest in recreational boating and the increasing number of 
      marinas along the world's coastlines, environmental knowledge of these ecosystems 
      is still very scarce. Detailed data of pollutants in marinas are necessary to 
      provide a global approach of environmental risks in the context of international 
      management strategies. In the present study, a set of 64 variables (30 in 
      seawater and 34 in sediments) were measured to compare marinas from the Southern 
      Iberian Peninsula (SIP). Uni and multivariate analyses showed significant 
      differences among marinas, evidencing the importance of management on a local 
      scale. The most relevant variables determining these differences were turbidity 
      and the biocide Irgarol 1051 in seawater, and granulometry, hydrocarbons and 
      faecal coliforms in sediment. The use of normalization techniques with Al or Fe, 
      and the suitability of different methodologies to measure Total Organic Matter in 
      marinas were also discussed. Additionally, we perform a comprehensive literature 
      review of worldwide marina stressors and develop a simple and straightforward 
      method for assessing environmental quality. The method was tested using SIP 
      marinas and was based on the comparison of 15 selected sediment stressors with 
      background values, concentrations of worldwide sediment quality guidelines 
      (SQGs), and reference conditions/security thresholds established by the programme 
      of coastal waters in port areas (ROM 5.1). A global score was assigned using a 
      new proposed index, Marinas Environmental Pollution Index (MEPI), ranging from 0 
      to 150 points according to the environmental quality (<90: bad, 90-120: moderate, 
      >120: good). MEPI of marinas from SIP ranged from 60 to 110 points indicating bad 
      or moderate levels of pollution. Environmental quality is one of the decisive 
      factors for awarding eco-labels or eco-certifications, such as Blue Flags in 
      marinas. Therefore, pollution baseline information and environmental tools are 
      mandatory for correct assignation of these awards and necessary for assessing the 
      efficiency of management actions.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Guerra-Garcia, Jose M
AU  - Guerra-Garcia JM
AD  - Laboratorio de Biologia Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, 
      Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain. 
      Electronic address: jmguerra@us.es.
FAU - Navarro-Barranco, Carlos
AU  - Navarro-Barranco C
AD  - Laboratorio de Biologia Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, 
      Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain.
FAU - Martinez-Laiz, Gemma
AU  - Martinez-Laiz G
AD  - Laboratorio de Biologia Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, 
      Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain.
FAU - Moreira, Juan
AU  - Moreira J
AD  - Departamento de Biologia (Unidad de Zoologia) & Centro de Investigacion en 
      Biodiversidad y Cambio Goblal (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, 
      Spain.
FAU - Giraldez, Inmaculada
AU  - Giraldez I
AD  - Dpto. Quimica "Prof. J.C. Vilchez Martin", Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales 
      Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, Pro(2)TecS 
      Universidad de Huelva, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas, s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
FAU - Morales, Emilio
AU  - Morales E
AD  - Dpto. Quimica "Prof. J.C. Vilchez Martin", Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales 
      Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, Pro(2)TecS 
      Universidad de Huelva, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas, s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
FAU - Fernandez-Romero, Alejandro
AU  - Fernandez-Romero A
AD  - Laboratorio de Biologia Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, 
      Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain.
FAU - Florido, Marta
AU  - Florido M
AD  - Laboratorio de Biologia Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, 
      Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain.
FAU - Ros, Macarena
AU  - Ros M
AD  - Laboratorio de Biologia Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, 
      Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201217
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Irgarol
OT  - MEPI index
OT  - Quality assessment
OT  - Recreational boating
OT  - Sediment
COIS- Declaration of competing interest We declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/12/29 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/29 06:01
CRDT- 2020/12/28 11:16
PHST- 2020/08/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/28 11:16 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(20)37700-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144169 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2021 Mar 25;762:144169. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144169. 
      Epub 2020 Dec 17.