PMID- 33374826
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210219
LR  - 20210219
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Dec 23
TI  - Association of Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Future Depression: Using 
      National Health Insurance System Data in Korea from 2009-2017.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph18010063 [doi]
LID - 63
AB  - (1) Background: The health implications associated with the metabolically healthy 
      obese (MHO) phenotype, in particular related to symptoms of depression, are still 
      not clear. the purpose of this study is to check whether depression and metabolic 
      status are relevant by classifying them into four groups in accordance with the 
      MHO diagnostic standard. Other impressions seen were the differences between 
      sexes and the effects of the MHO on the occurrence of depression. (2) Methods: A 
      sample of 3,586,492 adult individuals from the National Health Insurance Database 
      of Korea was classified into four categories by their metabolic status and body 
      mass index: (1) metabolically healthy non-obese (MHN); (2) metabolically healthy 
      obese (MHO); (3) metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUN); and (4) metabolically 
      unhealthy obese (MUO). Participants were followed for six to eight years for new 
      incidences of depression. The statistical significance of the general 
      characteristics of the four groups, as well as the mean differences in metabolic 
      syndrome risk factors, was assessed with the use of a one-way analysis of 
      variance (ANOVA). (3) Results: The MHN ratio in women was higher than in men (men 
      39.3%, women 55.2%). In both men and women, depression incidence was the highest 
      among MUO participants (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01 in men; OR = 1.09 in women). It 
      was concluded as well that, among the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, waist 
      circumference was the most related to depression. Among the four groups, the MUO 
      phenotype was the most related to depression. Furthermore, in women participants, 
      MHO is also related to a higher risk of depressive symptoms. These findings 
      indicate that MHO is not a totally benign condition in relation to depression in 
      women. (4) Conclusion: Therefore, reducing metabolic syndrome and obesity 
      patients in Korea will likely reduce the incidence of depression.
FAU - Seo, Yongseok
AU  - Seo Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1563-3156
AD  - Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Seungyeon
AU  - Lee S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6082-3082
AD  - Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea.
FAU - Ahn, Joung-Sook
AU  - Ahn JS
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 
      26426, Korea.
FAU - Min, Seongho
AU  - Min S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1084-7822
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 
      26426, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Min-Hyuk
AU  - Kim MH
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 
      26426, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Jang-Young
AU  - Kim JY
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 
      Wonju 26426, Korea.
FAU - Kang, Dae Ryong
AU  - Kang DR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8792-9730
AD  - Department of Precision Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 
      Wonju 26426, Korea.
FAU - Hwang, Sangwon
AU  - Hwang S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8666-7479
AD  - Institute of AI and Big Data in Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei 
      University, Wonju 26426, Korea.
FAU - Vicheka, Phor
AU  - Vicheka P
AD  - Institute of AI and Big Data in Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei 
      University, Wonju 26426, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Jinhee
AU  - Lee J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4255-1831
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 
      26426, Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20201223
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Depression/*epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - National Health Programs
MH  - Obesity, Metabolically Benign/epidemiology/*psychology
MH  - Republic of Korea/epidemiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Waist Circumference
PMC - PMC7795335
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - depression
OT  - metabolic syndrome
OT  - metabolically healthy obese phenotype
OT  - obesity
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/12/31 06:00
MHDA- 2021/02/20 06:00
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2020/12/30 01:02
PHST- 2020/10/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/30 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/02/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph18010063 [pii]
AID - ijerph-18-00063 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph18010063 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 23;18(1):63. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph18010063.