PMID- 33376375
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220419
IS  - 1178-7007 (Print)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Electronic)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2020
TI  - Association of Daily Home-Based Hot Water Bathing and Glycemic Control in 
      Ambulatory Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus During the COVID-19 
      Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.
PG  - 5059-5069
LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S279270 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: To clarify the relationship between daily hot water bathing (HWB) at 
      home and glycemic control in middle-aged and elderly ambulatory patients with 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: We defined hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as 
      the main outcome. We set 7.0% based on the mean value of the dependent variable 
      as the cut-off point for analysis. Frequency of HWB was an explanatory variable. 
      A two-sample t-test was used to compare between groups with continuous variables. 
      Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed for frequency, adjusted age, 
      sex, BMI, T2DM duration (Model 1), and other confounding factors (Model 2). Odds 
      ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Among 
      838 patients, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) in age between males 
      (n=528, 62.8+/-8.7 years) and females (n=310, 65.0+/-8.1 years). In Model 1, compared 
      with participants who used HWB more than seven times a week, those with poorly 
      controlled HbA1c were significantly associated with low frequency of HWB: four to 
      six times a week (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.87-1.99) and less than three times a week (OR 
      1.43, 95% CI 0.98-2.10); p-value for overall trend was 0.041. In Model 2, p-value 
      for overall trend was 0.138. CONCLUSION: A higher frequency of HWB was moderately 
      associated with a decreased risk of poor glycemic control in middle-aged and 
      elderly ambulatory patients with T2DM.
CI  - (c) 2020 Kamioka et al.
FAU - Kamioka, Hiroharu
AU  - Kamioka H
AD  - Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 
      Japan.
FAU - Mori, Yasunori
AU  - Mori Y
AD  - Mie Prefecture Health and Environment Research Institute, Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan.
FAU - Horiuchi, Takahiko
AU  - Horiuchi T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1770-1087
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita, 
      Japan.
FAU - Hayashi, Takahito
AU  - Hayashi T
AD  - Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 
      Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
FAU - Ohmura, Koichiro
AU  - Ohmura K
AD  - Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate 
      School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
FAU - Yamaguchi, Satoru
AU  - Yamaguchi S
AD  - Department of Oriental Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Kato, Mitsutoshi
AU  - Kato M
AD  - Kato Clinic of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201222
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
JT  - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
JID - 101515585
PMC - PMC7764630
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - hemoglobin A1c
OT  - hot water bathing
OT  - middle-aged and elderly ambulatory patients
OT  - type 2 diabetes
COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose for this work.
EDAT- 2020/12/31 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/31 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/22
CRDT- 2020/12/30 05:20
PHST- 2020/09/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/30 05:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 279270 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S279270 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Dec 22;13:5059-5069. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S279270. 
      eCollection 2020.