PMID- 33383570
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210727
LR  - 20220107
IS  - 1543-2742 (Electronic)
IS  - 1526-484X (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Mar 1
TI  - Sustained Exposure to High Carbohydrate Availability Does Not Influence 
      Iron-Regulatory Responses in Elite Endurance Athletes.
PG  - 101-108
LID - ijsnem.2020-0224 [pii]
LID - 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0224 [doi]
AB  - This study implemented a 2-week high carbohydrate (CHO) diet intended to maximize 
      CHO oxidation rates and examined the iron-regulatory response to a 26-km race 
      walking effort. Twenty international-level, male race walkers were assigned to 
      either a novel high CHO diet (MAX = 10 g/kg body mass CHO daily) inclusive of 
      gut-training strategies, or a moderate CHO control diet (CON = 6 g/kg body mass 
      CHO daily) for a 2-week training period. The athletes completed a 26-km race 
      walking test protocol before and after the dietary intervention. Venous blood 
      samples were collected pre-, post-, and 3 hr postexercise and measured for serum 
      ferritin, interleukin-6, and hepcidin-25 concentrations. Similar decreases in 
      serum ferritin (17-23%) occurred postintervention in MAX and CON. At the 
      baseline, CON had a greater postexercise increase in interleukin-6 levels after 
      26 km of walking (20.1-fold, 95% CI [9.2, 35.7]) compared with MAX (10.2-fold, 
      95% CI [3.7, 18.7]). A similar finding was evident for hepcidin levels 3 hr 
      postexercise (CON = 10.8-fold, 95% CI [4.8, 21.2]; MAX = 8.8-fold, 95% CI [3.9, 
      16.4]). Postintervention, there were no substantial differences in the 
      interleukin-6 response (CON = 13.6-fold, 95% CI [9.2, 20.5]; MAX = 11.2-fold, 95% 
      CI [6.5, 21.3]) or hepcidin levels (CON = 7.1-fold, 95% CI [2.1, 15.4]; MAX = 
      6.3-fold, 95% CI [1.8, 14.6]) between the dietary groups. Higher resting serum 
      ferritin (p = .004) and hotter trial ambient temperatures (p = .014) were 
      associated with greater hepcidin levels 3 hr postexercise. Very high CHO diets 
      employed by endurance athletes to increase CHO oxidation have little impact on 
      iron regulation in elite athletes. It appears that variations in serum ferritin 
      concentration and ambient temperature, rather than dietary CHO, are associated 
      with increased hepcidin concentrations 3 hr postexercise.
FAU - McKay, Alannah K A
AU  - McKay AKA
AD  - The University of Western Australia.
AD  - Western Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Peeling, Peter
AU  - Peeling P
AD  - The University of Western Australia.
AD  - Western Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Pyne, David B
AU  - Pyne DB
AD  - University of Canberra.
FAU - Tee, Nicolin
AU  - Tee N
AD  - Australian Institute of Sport.
FAU - Welveart, Marijke
AU  - Welveart M
AD  - Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - University of Canberra.
FAU - Heikura, Ida A
AU  - Heikura IA
AD  - Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - Australian Catholic University.
FAU - Sharma, Avish P
AU  - Sharma AP
AD  - Griffith University.
FAU - Whitfield, Jamie
AU  - Whitfield J
AD  - Australian Catholic University.
FAU - Ross, Megan L
AU  - Ross ML
AD  - Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - Australian Catholic University.
FAU - van Swelm, Rachel P L
AU  - van Swelm RPL
AD  - Radboud University Medical Center.
AD  - Hepcidinanalysis.com.
FAU - Laarakkers, Coby M
AU  - Laarakkers CM
AD  - Radboud University Medical Center.
AD  - Hepcidinanalysis.com.
FAU - Burke, Louise M
AU  - Burke LM
AD  - Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - Australian Catholic University.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211231
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
JT  - International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
JID - 100939812
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Hepcidins)
RN  - 0 (IL6 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (hepcidin 25, human)
RN  - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Ferritins/blood
MH  - Hepcidins/blood
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukin-6/blood
MH  - Iron/*blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Physical Conditioning, Human/physiology
MH  - Physical Endurance/*physiology
MH  - Sports/*physiology
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Walking/*physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ferritin
OT  - hepcidin
OT  - race walk
EDAT- 2021/01/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/28 06:00
CRDT- 2020/12/31 20:18
PHST- 2020/07/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/31 20:18 [entrez]
AID - ijsnem.2020-0224 [pii]
AID - 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0224 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2021 Mar 1;31(2):101-108. doi: 
      10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0224. Epub 2021 Dec 31.