PMID- 33392499
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240330
IS  - 2590-1621 (Electronic)
IS  - 2590-1621 (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2020 Dec
TI  - Characterisation of particles within and aerosols produced by nano-containing 
      consumer spray products.
PG  - 100079
LID - 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2020.100079 [doi]
LID - 100079
AB  - Nanoparticles have been incorporated into a range of consumer spray products, 
      providing the potential for inadvertent inhalation by users and bystanders. The 
      levels and characteristics of nanoparticle inhalation exposures arising from the 
      use of such products are important inputs to risk assessments and informing dose 
      regimes for in vitro and in vivo studies investigating hazard potentials. To 
      date, only a small number of studies have been undertaken to explore both the 
      aerosols generated from such products and the metal nanoparticles within them. 
      The objective of the current study was to add to the limited data in this field 
      by investigating a range of nano-containing spray products available within the 
      UK. Six products were selected and the nanoparticles characterised using a 
      combination of techniques, including: inductively coupled plasma mass 
      spectrometry (ICP-MS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking 
      analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray 
      spectroscopy (TEM-EDX) and single particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS). The aerosol 
      produced by these products, when sprayed within a glovebox, was characterised by 
      scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS). 
      A cascade impactor with thirteen stages (NanoMOUDI) was used with one product to 
      generate information on the size specific nanoparticle elemental distribution 
      within the aerosol. The results demonstrated the presence of solid nanoparticles 
      (silver, gold or silica) in each of the products at low concentrations (<13 ppm). 
      TEM and (sp)ICP-MS provided reliable information on nanoparticle size, shape, 
      number and mass, while the light scattering methods were less effective due to 
      the complex matrices of the products and their lack of chemical specificity. The 
      aerosols varied significantly across products, with particle and mass 
      concentrations spanning 5 orders of magnitude (10 - 10(6) cm(-3) and 
      0.3-7600 mug m(-3), respectively). The NanoMOUDI results clearly indicated 
      non-uniform distribution of silver within different aerosol particle size ranges.
CI  - (c) 2020 The Authors.
FAU - Laycock, Adam
AU  - Laycock A
AD  - Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, 
      Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
FAU - Wright, Matthew D
AU  - Wright MD
AD  - Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, 
      Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
FAU - Romer, Isabella
AU  - Romer I
AD  - Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, 
      Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
FAU - Buckley, Alison
AU  - Buckley A
AD  - Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, 
      Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
FAU - Smith, Rachel
AU  - Smith R
AD  - Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, 
      Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Atmos Environ X
JT  - Atmospheric Environment: X
JID - 101754900
PMC - PMC7770152
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aerosol
OT  - Characterization
OT  - Consumer product
OT  - Nanoparticles
OT  - Spray
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2021/01/05 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/05 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/01
CRDT- 2021/01/04 05:32
PHST- 2019/12/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/04 05:32 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/05 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2590-1621(20)30018-6 [pii]
AID - 100079 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2020.100079 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Atmos Environ X. 2020 Dec;8:100079. doi: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2020.100079.