PMID- 33396357
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240330
IS  - 2073-4360 (Electronic)
IS  - 2073-4360 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Dec 31
TI  - Modeling Injection Molding of High-Density Polyethylene with Crystallization in 
      Open-Source Software.
LID - 10.3390/polym13010138 [doi]
LID - 138
AB  - This work investigates crystallization modeling by modifying an open-source 
      computational fluid dynamics code OpenFOAM. The crystallization behavior of 
      high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is implemented according to theoretical and 
      experimental literature. A number of physical interdependencies are included. The 
      cavity is modeled as deformable. The heat transfer coefficient in the thermal 
      contact towards the mold depends on contact pressure. The thermal conductivity is 
      pressure- and crystallinity-dependent. Specific heat depends on temperature and 
      crystallinity. Latent heat is released according to the crystallization progress 
      and temperature. Deviatoric elastic stress is evolved in the solidified material. 
      The prediction of the cavity pressure evolution is used for the assessment of the 
      solution quality because it is experimentally available and governs the residual 
      stress development. Insight into the thermomechanical conditions is provided with 
      through-thickness plots of pressure, temperature and cooling rate at different 
      levels of crystallinity. The code and simulation setup are made openly available 
      to further the research on the topic.
FAU - Krebelj, Kristjan
AU  - Krebelj K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9561-6072
AD  - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva, 1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Krebelj, Anton
AU  - Krebelj A
AD  - Tehnoplast, Razvojno raziskovalna skupina, Neverke 30, 6256 Kosana, Slovenia.
FAU - Halilovic, Miroslav
AU  - Halilovic M
AD  - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva, 1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Mole, Nikolaj
AU  - Mole N
AD  - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva, 1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201231
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Polymers (Basel)
JT  - Polymers
JID - 101545357
PMC - PMC7795716
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - injection molding
OT  - numerical simulation
OT  - open-source code
OT  - polymer crystallization
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/01/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/06 06:01
PMCR- 2020/12/31
CRDT- 2021/01/05 01:12
PHST- 2020/12/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/05 01:12 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - polym13010138 [pii]
AID - polymers-13-00138 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/polym13010138 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Polymers (Basel). 2020 Dec 31;13(1):138. doi: 10.3390/polym13010138.