PMID- 33396618
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210907
LR  - 20210907
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Dec 30
TI  - Serum Vitamin D Affected Type 2 Diabetes though Altering Lipid Profile and 
      Modified the Effects of Testosterone on Diabetes Status.
LID - 10.3390/nu13010090 [doi]
LID - 90
AB  - Numerous studies have investigated the associations between serum vitamin D or 
      testosterone and diabetes; however, inconsistencies are observed. Whether there 
      is an interaction between vitamin D and testosterone and whether the lipid 
      profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein 
      cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)) mediates 
      the association between vitamin D and diabetes is unclear. To investigate the 
      effect of vitamin D and testosterone on impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 2659 participants from the Henan Rural Cohort were 
      included in the case-control study. Generalized linear models were utilized to 
      estimate associations of vitamin D with IFG or T2DM and interactive effects of 
      vitamin D and testosterone on IFG or T2DM. Principal component analysis (PCA) and 
      mediation analysis were used to estimate whether the lipid profile mediated the 
      association of vitamin D with IFG or T2DM. Serum 25(OH)D(3), 25(OH)D(2), and 
      total 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with IFG (odds ratios (ORs) (95% 
      confidence intervals (CIs)): 0.99 (0.97, 1.00), 0.85 (0.82, 0.88), and 0.97 
      (0.96, 0.98), respectively). Similarity results for associations between serum 
      25(OH)D(2) and total 25(OH)D with T2DM (ORs (95%CIs): 0.84 (0.81, 0.88) and 0.97 
      (0.96, 0.99)) were observed, whereas serum 25(OH)D(3) was negatively correlated 
      to T2DM only in the quartile 2 (Q2) and Q3 groups (both p < 0.05). The lipid 
      profile, mainly TC and TG, partly mediated the relationship between 25(OH)D(2) or 
      total 25(OH)D and IFG or T2DM and the proportion explained was from 2.74 to 
      17.46%. Furthermore, interactive effects of serum 25(OH)D(2), total 25(OH)D, and 
      testosterone on T2DM were observed in females (both p for interactive <0.05), 
      implying that the positive association between serum testosterone and T2DM was 
      vanished when 25(OH)D(2) was higher than 10.04 ng/mL or total 25(OH)D was higher 
      than 40.04 ng/mL. Therefore, ensuring adequate vitamin D levels could reduce the 
      prevalence of IFG and T2DM, especially in females with high levels of 
      testosterone.
FAU - Wang, Lulu
AU  - Wang L
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Liu, Xue
AU  - Liu X
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Hou, Jian
AU  - Hou J
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Wei, Dandan
AU  - Wei D
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Liu, Pengling
AU  - Liu P
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Fan, Keliang
AU  - Fan K
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Zhang, Li
AU  - Zhang L
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Nie, Luting
AU  - Nie L
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public 
      Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Li, Xing
AU  - Li X
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Huo, Wenqian
AU  - Huo W
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7898-093X
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public 
      Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Jing, Tao
AU  - Jing T
AD  - School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science 
      and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
FAU - Li, Wenjie
AU  - Li W
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Wang, Chongjian
AU  - Wang C
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
FAU - Mao, Zhenxing
AU  - Mao Z
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou 
      University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2019YFC1710002/National Key Research and Development Program of China/
GR  - 2016YFC0900803/National Key Research and Development Program of China/
GR  - 21806146/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 2016M602264/Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 2020T130604/Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 2018ZDGGJS052/Excellent Youth Development Foundation of Zhengzhou University/
GR  - 202102310046/Science and Technique Foundation of Henan Province/
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201230
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D)
RN  - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lipids/*blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Testosterone/*blood
MH  - Vitamin D/*blood
PMC - PMC7823697
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - impaired fasting glucose
OT  - interactive effects
OT  - lipid profile
OT  - testosterone
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
OT  - vitamin D
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/01/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/08 06:00
PMCR- 2020/12/30
CRDT- 2021/01/05 01:15
PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/05 01:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu13010090 [pii]
AID - nutrients-13-00090 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu13010090 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2020 Dec 30;13(1):90. doi: 10.3390/nu13010090.