PMID- 33419630
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220112
LR  - 20220112
IS  - 1873-460X (Electronic)
IS  - 1056-8727 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 3
DP  - 2021 Mar
TI  - Homocysteine and diabetes: Role in macrovascular and microvascular complications.
PG  - 107834
LID - S1056-8727(20)30635-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107834 [doi]
AB  - Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to the development of macro- and microvascular 
      complications. Homocysteine (Hcy) may play a role in the development of 
      cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs). The role of Hcy in the development of the 
      vascular complications associated with DM is not clearly defined. Despite a 
      strong initial assumption regarding the importance of Hcy in DM and its 
      complications, over time "enthusiasm has waned" because several studies showed 
      unconvincing and occasionally contradictory results. A universal conclusion is 
      not easy to draw given the diversity of studies (e.g. number of patients, design, 
      folic acid and vitamin B status, ethnic differences, genetic background). For 
      some complications, most results encourages further investigation. Impaired renal 
      function is a major independent determinant of high total Hcy (tHcy) levels. 
      However, the role of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) in the development of diabetic 
      kidney disease (DKD) has yet to be determined. Hcy-lowering therapies can 
      significantly decrease Hcy levels but their effects on CVD risk reduction are 
      conflicting. Further studies are needed to determine the influence of 
      Hcy-lowering therapy on CVD risk reduction, especially in patients with DM.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Muzurovic, Emir
AU  - Muzurovic E
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Section, Clinical Centre of 
      Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Ljubljanska bb, 81000 
      Podgorica, Montenegro. Electronic address: dremir@t-com.me.
FAU - Kraljevic, Ivana
AU  - Kraljevic I
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
FAU - Solak, Mirsala
AU  - Solak M
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
FAU - Dragnic, Sinisa
AU  - Dragnic S
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, 
      University of Montenegro, Ljubljanska bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro.
FAU - Mikhailidis, Dimitri P
AU  - Mikhailidis DP
AD  - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University 
      College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), Pond Street, 
      London NW3 2QG, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20201231
PL  - United States
TA  - J Diabetes Complications
JT  - Journal of diabetes and its complications
JID - 9204583
RN  - 0LVT1QZ0BA (Homocysteine)
RN  - 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid)
RN  - P6YC3EG204 (Vitamin B 12)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus
MH  - *Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology
MH  - Folic Acid
MH  - *Homocysteine
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hyperhomocysteinemia/complications
MH  - Vitamin B 12
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cardiovascular disease
OT  - Diabetes mellitus
OT  - Homocysteine
OT  - Macrovascular complications
OT  - Microvascular complications
COIS- Declaration of competing interest EM has given talks or attended conferences 
      sponsored by Novo Nordisk, SANOFI, AstraZeneca, SERVIER, MSD and Amgen. IK has 
      given talks or attended conferences sponsored by Abbott Laboratories, Eli Lilly, 
      Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Pliva, Berlin-Chemie and Boehringer Ingelheim. MS has given 
      talks or attended conferences sponsored by Novo Nordisk, Amgen, Pfizer, Pliva, 
      Berlin-Chemie and Boehringer Ingelheim. SD has given talks or attended 
      conferences sponsored by Boehringer Ingelheim, Astra Zeneca, Servier, Sanofi. DPM 
      has given talks, acted as a consultant or attended conferences sponsored by 
      Amgen, Novo Nordisk and Libytec.
EDAT- 2021/01/10 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/13 06:00
CRDT- 2021/01/09 05:29
PHST- 2020/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/13 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/09 05:29 [entrez]
AID - S1056-8727(20)30635-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107834 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Diabetes Complications. 2021 Mar;35(3):107834. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107834. Epub 2020 Dec 31.